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//proc/self/root/proc/self/root/usr/lib/python2.4/subprocess.pyo
m =5Dc @ s d Z d k Z e i d j Z d k Z d k Z d k Z e oC d k Z d k Z d k Td f d YZ d f d YZ nF d k Z e e d Z d k Z d k Z d k Z e e d d Z d d d d g Z y e i d Z Wn d Z n Xg Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d e f d YZ d Z d Z e! d j o e o e n e n d S( sU) subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams This module allows you to spawn processes, connect to their input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes. This module intends to replace several other, older modules and functions, like: os.system os.spawn* os.popen* popen2.* commands.* Information about how the subprocess module can be used to replace these modules and functions can be found below. Using the subprocess module =========================== This module defines one class called Popen: class Popen(args, bufsize=0, executable=None, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, preexec_fn=None, close_fds=False, shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False, startupinfo=None, creationflags=0): Arguments are: args should be a string, or a sequence of program arguments. The program to execute is normally the first item in the args sequence or string, but can be explicitly set by using the executable argument. On UNIX, with shell=False (default): In this case, the Popen class uses os.execvp() to execute the child program. args should normally be a sequence. A string will be treated as a sequence with the string as the only item (the program to execute). On UNIX, with shell=True: If args is a string, it specifies the command string to execute through the shell. If args is a sequence, the first item specifies the command string, and any additional items will be treated as additional shell arguments. On Windows: the Popen class uses CreateProcess() to execute the child program, which operates on strings. If args is a sequence, it will be converted to a string using the list2cmdline method. Please note that not all MS Windows applications interpret the command line the same way: The list2cmdline is designed for applications using the same rules as the MS C runtime. bufsize, if given, has the same meaning as the corresponding argument to the built-in open() function: 0 means unbuffered, 1 means line buffered, any other positive value means use a buffer of (approximately) that size. A negative bufsize means to use the system default, which usually means fully buffered. The default value for bufsize is 0 (unbuffered). stdin, stdout and stderr specify the executed programs' standard input, standard output and standard error file handles, respectively. Valid values are PIPE, an existing file descriptor (a positive integer), an existing file object, and None. PIPE indicates that a new pipe to the child should be created. With None, no redirection will occur; the child's file handles will be inherited from the parent. Additionally, stderr can be STDOUT, which indicates that the stderr data from the applications should be captured into the same file handle as for stdout. If preexec_fn is set to a callable object, this object will be called in the child process just before the child is executed. If close_fds is true, all file descriptors except 0, 1 and 2 will be closed before the child process is executed. if shell is true, the specified command will be executed through the shell. If cwd is not None, the current directory will be changed to cwd before the child is executed. If env is not None, it defines the environment variables for the new process. If universal_newlines is true, the file objects stdout and stderr are opened as a text files, but lines may be terminated by any of '\n', the Unix end-of-line convention, '\r', the Macintosh convention or '\r\n', the Windows convention. All of these external representations are seen as '\n' by the Python program. Note: This feature is only available if Python is built with universal newline support (the default). Also, the newlines attribute of the file objects stdout, stdin and stderr are not updated by the communicate() method. The startupinfo and creationflags, if given, will be passed to the underlying CreateProcess() function. They can specify things such as appearance of the main window and priority for the new process. (Windows only) This module also defines two shortcut functions: call(*args, **kwargs): Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete, then return the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: retcode = call(["ls", "-l"]) Exceptions ---------- Exceptions raised in the child process, before the new program has started to execute, will be re-raised in the parent. Additionally, the exception object will have one extra attribute called 'child_traceback', which is a string containing traceback information from the childs point of view. The most common exception raised is OSError. This occurs, for example, when trying to execute a non-existent file. Applications should prepare for OSErrors. A ValueError will be raised if Popen is called with invalid arguments. Security -------- Unlike some other popen functions, this implementation will never call /bin/sh implicitly. This means that all characters, including shell metacharacters, can safely be passed to child processes. Popen objects ============= Instances of the Popen class have the following methods: poll() Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute. wait() Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute. communicate(input=None) Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for process to terminate. The optional stdin argument should be a string to be sent to the child process, or None, if no data should be sent to the child. communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr). Note: The data read is buffered in memory, so do not use this method if the data size is large or unlimited. The following attributes are also available: stdin If the stdin argument is PIPE, this attribute is a file object that provides input to the child process. Otherwise, it is None. stdout If the stdout argument is PIPE, this attribute is a file object that provides output from the child process. Otherwise, it is None. stderr If the stderr argument is PIPE, this attribute is file object that provides error output from the child process. Otherwise, it is None. pid The process ID of the child process. returncode The child return code. A None value indicates that the process hasn't terminated yet. A negative value -N indicates that the child was terminated by signal N (UNIX only). Replacing older functions with the subprocess module ==================================================== In this section, "a ==> b" means that b can be used as a replacement for a. Note: All functions in this section fail (more or less) silently if the executed program cannot be found; this module raises an OSError exception. In the following examples, we assume that the subprocess module is imported with "from subprocess import *". Replacing /bin/sh shell backquote --------------------------------- output=`mycmd myarg` ==> output = Popen(["mycmd", "myarg"], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0] Replacing shell pipe line ------------------------- output=`dmesg | grep hda` ==> p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE) p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE) output = p2.communicate()[0] Replacing os.system() --------------------- sts = os.system("mycmd" + " myarg") ==> p = Popen("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True) sts = os.waitpid(p.pid, 0) Note: * Calling the program through the shell is usually not required. * It's easier to look at the returncode attribute than the exitstatus. A more real-world example would look like this: try: retcode = call("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True) if retcode < 0: print >>sys.stderr, "Child was terminated by signal", -retcode else: print >>sys.stderr, "Child returned", retcode except OSError, e: print >>sys.stderr, "Execution failed:", e Replacing os.spawn* ------------------- P_NOWAIT example: pid = os.spawnlp(os.P_NOWAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg") ==> pid = Popen(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"]).pid P_WAIT example: retcode = os.spawnlp(os.P_WAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg") ==> retcode = call(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"]) Vector example: os.spawnvp(os.P_NOWAIT, path, args) ==> Popen([path] + args[1:]) Environment example: os.spawnlpe(os.P_NOWAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg", env) ==> Popen(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"], env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"}) Replacing os.popen* ------------------- pipe = os.popen(cmd, mode='r', bufsize) ==> pipe = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdout=PIPE).stdout pipe = os.popen(cmd, mode='w', bufsize) ==> pipe = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE).stdin (child_stdin, child_stdout) = os.popen2(cmd, mode, bufsize) ==> p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True) (child_stdin, child_stdout) = (p.stdin, p.stdout) (child_stdin, child_stdout, child_stderr) = os.popen3(cmd, mode, bufsize) ==> p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, close_fds=True) (child_stdin, child_stdout, child_stderr) = (p.stdin, p.stdout, p.stderr) (child_stdin, child_stdout_and_stderr) = os.popen4(cmd, mode, bufsize) ==> p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT, close_fds=True) (child_stdin, child_stdout_and_stderr) = (p.stdin, p.stdout) Replacing popen2.* ------------------ Note: If the cmd argument to popen2 functions is a string, the command is executed through /bin/sh. If it is a list, the command is directly executed. (child_stdout, child_stdin) = popen2.popen2("somestring", bufsize, mode) ==> p = Popen(["somestring"], shell=True, bufsize=bufsize stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True) (child_stdout, child_stdin) = (p.stdout, p.stdin) (child_stdout, child_stdin) = popen2.popen2(["mycmd", "myarg"], bufsize, mode) ==> p = Popen(["mycmd", "myarg"], bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True) (child_stdout, child_stdin) = (p.stdout, p.stdin) The popen2.Popen3 and popen3.Popen4 basically works as subprocess.Popen, except that: * subprocess.Popen raises an exception if the execution fails * the capturestderr argument is replaced with the stderr argument. * stdin=PIPE and stdout=PIPE must be specified. * popen2 closes all filedescriptors by default, but you have to specify close_fds=True with subprocess.Popen. Nt win32( t *t STARTUPINFOc B s t Z d Z d Z d Z d Z RS( Ni ( t __name__t __module__t dwFlagst Nonet hStdInputt hStdOutputt hStdError( ( ( t /usr/lib/python2.4/subprocess.pyR o s t pywintypesc B s t Z e Z RS( N( R R t IOErrort error( ( ( R R t s t pollt PIPE_BUFi t Popent PIPEt STDOUTt callt SC_OPEN_MAXi c C sg x` t D]W } | i | i d t i d j o+ y t i | Wq_ t j o q_ Xq q Wd S( Nt _deadstatei ( t _activet instR t syst maxintt removet ValueError( R ( ( R t _cleanup s iic O s t | | i S( s Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete, then return the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: retcode = call(["ls", "-l"]) N( R t argst kwargst wait( R R ( ( R R s c C sO g } t } x3| D]+} g } | o | i d n d | j p d | j } | o | i d n x | D] } | d j o | i | qo | d j o2 | i d t | d g } | i d qo | o | i | g } n | i | qo W| o | i | n | o | i | | i d q q Wd i | S( s Translate a sequence of arguments into a command line string, using the same rules as the MS C runtime: 1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a space or a tab. 2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space contained within. A quoted string can be embedded in an argument. 3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is interpreted as a literal double quotation mark. 4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they immediately precede a double quotation mark. 5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark, every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal backslash. If the number of backslashes is odd, the last backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as described in rule 3. t s t "s \i s \"t N( t resultt Falset needquotet seqt argt bs_buft appendt ct lent extendt join( R& R* R% R# R' R( ( ( R t list2cmdline s: c B s t Z d d d d d d e e d d e d d d Z d Z e d Z e oO d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d d Z na d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d d Z d Z d d Z d Z d Z RS( Ni c C s t t | _ t | t t f p t d n t o8 | d j o t d n | o t d q n; | d j o t d n | d j o t d n d | _ d | _ d | _ d | _ d | _ | | _ | i | | | \ } } } } } } | i | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | o t# i$ | d | | _ n | o? | o t# i$ | d | | _ qt# i$ | d | | _ n | o? | o t# i$ | d | | _ qt# i$ | d | | _ n d S( s Create new Popen instance.s bufsize must be an integers0 preexec_fn is not supported on Windows platformss/ close_fds is not supported on Windows platformss2 startupinfo is only supported on Windows platformsi s4 creationflags is only supported on Windows platformst wbt rUt rbN(% R R$ t selft _child_createdt isinstancet bufsizet intt longt TypeErrort mswindowst preexec_fnR R t close_fdst startupinfot creationflagst stdint stdoutt stderrt pidt returncodet universal_newlinest _get_handlest p2creadt p2cwritet c2preadt c2pwritet errreadt errwritet _execute_childR t executablet cwdt envt shellt ost fdopen( R2 R R5 RL R> R? R@ R: R; RO RM RN RC R< R= RI RG RJ RH RE RF ( ( R t __init__ sJ ' c C s( | i d d } | i d d } | S( Ns s s ( t datat replace( R2 RS ( ( R t _translate_newlines6 s c C sW | i p d Sn | i d | i | i d j o t d j o t i | n d S( NR ( R2 R3 R R R RB R R R) ( R2 R ( ( R t __del__< s c C s | d j o" | d j o | d j o d Sn d \ } } d \ } } d \ } } | d j o t t } n | t j o7 t d d \ } } | i } t i | d } n? t | t i j o t i | } n t i | i } | i | } | d j o t t } n | t j o7 t d d \ } } | i } t i | d } n? t | t i j o t i | } n t i | i } | i | } | d j o t t } n | t j o7 t d d \ } } | i } t i | d } nV | t j o | } n? t | t i j o t i | } n t i | i } | i | } | | | | | | f S( s| Construct and return tupel with IO objects: p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite i N( NNNNNN( NN( NN( NN( R> R R? R@ RE RF RG RH RI RJ t GetStdHandlet STD_INPUT_HANDLER t CreatePipet Detacht msvcrtt open_osfhandlet typet typest IntTypet get_osfhandlet filenoR2 t _make_inheritablet STD_OUTPUT_HANDLEt STD_ERROR_HANDLER ( R2 R> R? R@ RI RE RF RJ RH RG ( ( R RD K sN ' c C s t t | t d d t S( s2 Return a duplicate of handle, which is inheritablei i N( t DuplicateHandlet GetCurrentProcesst handlet DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS( R2 Rg ( ( R Rb s c C s t i i t i i t d d } t i i | pK t i i t i i t i d } t i i | p t d q n | S( s, Find and return absolut path to w9xpopen.exei s w9xpopen.exesZ Cannot locate w9xpopen.exe, which is needed for Popen to work with your shell or platform.N( RP t pathR- t dirnamet GetModuleFileNamet w9xpopent existsR t exec_prefixt RuntimeError( R2 Rl ( ( R t _find_w9xpopen s c C s t | t i p t | } n t } | d j o | } n d | | | f j o. | i t O_ | | _ | | _ | | _ n | o | i t O_ t | _ t i i d d } | d | } t d j p t i i | i d j o* | i } d | | f } | t! O} q&n y4 t" | | d d d | | | | \ } } } } Wn' t* i+ j o } t- | i n X| | _. | | _( | i/ | d j o | i/ n | d j o | i/ n | d j o | i/ n d S( s$ Execute program (MS Windows version)t COMSPECs cmd.exes /c l s command.coms "%s" %si N(0 R4 R R^ t StringTypesR. R t default_startupinfoR< R RE RH RJ R t STARTF_USESTDHANDLESR R R RO t STARTF_USESHOWWINDOWt SW_HIDEt wShowWindowRP t environt gett comspect GetVersionRi t basenamet lowerR2 Rp Rl R= t CREATE_NEW_CONSOLEt CreateProcessRL RN RM t hpt htRA t tidR R t et WindowsErrort _handlet Close( R2 R RL R: R; RM RN RC R< R= RO RE RF RG RH RI RJ RA Rz R Rs R R R Rl ( ( R RK sN / c C sW | i d j o@ t | i d t j o# t | i | _ t i | qP n | i S( sQ Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute.i N( R2 RB R t WaitForSingleObjectR t WAIT_OBJECT_0t GetExitCodeProcessR R ( R2 ( ( R R s c C sL | i d j o5 t | i t } t | i | _ t i | n | i S( sO Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.N( R2 RB R R R t INFINITEt objR R R ( R2 R ( ( R R s c C s | i | i d S( N( t bufferR) t fht read( R2 R R ( ( R t _readerthread s c C s d } d } | i oE g } t i d | i d | i | f } | i t | i n | i oE g } t i d | i d | i | f } | i t | i n | i o2 | d j o | i i | n | i i n | i o | i n | i o | i n | d j o | d } n | d j o | d } n | i oH t t d o8 | o | i | } n | o | i | } qn | i | | f S( sz Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for process to terminate. The optional input argument should be a string to be sent to the child process, or None, if no data should be sent to the child. communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr).t targetR i t newlinesN( R R? R@ R2 t threadingt ThreadR t stdout_threadt setDaemont Truet startt stderr_threadR> t inputt writet closeR- RC t hasattrt openRU R ( R2 R R? R@ R R ( ( R t communicate sD c C sq d \ } } d \ } } d \ } } | d j o nP | t j o t i \ } } n- t | t i j o | } n | i } | d j o nP | t j o t i \ } } n- t | t i j o | } n | i } | d j o ng | t j o t i \ } } nD | t j o | } n- t | t i j o | } n | i } | | | | | | f S( s| Construct and return tupel with IO objects: p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite N( NN( NN( NN( R RE RF RG RH RI RJ R> R RP t pipeR] R^ R_ Ra R? R@ R ( R2 R> R? R@ RI RE RF RJ RH RG ( ( R RD ? s8 c C s\ y t i } Wn t j o d } n Xt i | t i } t i | t i | | B d S( Ni ( t fcntlt FD_CLOEXECt cloexec_flagt AttributeErrort fdt F_GETFDt oldt F_SETFD( R2 R R R ( ( R t _set_cloexec_flagl s c C sM xF t d t D]5 } | | j o q n y t i | Wq q Xq Wd S( Ni ( t ranget MAXFDt it butRP R ( R2 R R ( ( R t _close_fdsv s c C s t | t i o | g } n | o d d g | } n | d j o | d } n t i \ } } | i | t i | _ t | _ | i d j oy| o t i | n | o t i | n | o t i | n t i | | o t i | d n | o t i | d n | o t i | d n | o t i | n | o! | | f j o t i | n | o$ | | | f j o t i | n | o | i d | n | d j o t i | n | o t | n | d j o t i | | n t i! | | | Wn\ t" i# \ } } } t' i( | | | } d i* | | _+ t i, | t- i. | n Xt i/ d n t i | | o | o t i | n | o | o t i | n | o | o t i | n t i0 | d } t i | | d j od t i2 | i d t- i3 | } x5 | | | f D]$ } | d j o t i | qlqlW| n d S( s Execute program (POSIX version)s /bin/shs -ci i i R R" i i N(6 R4 R R^ Rr RO RL R RP R t errpipe_readt errpipe_writeR2 R t forkRA R R3 RF R RG RI RE t dup2RH RJ R; R RM t chdirR: t applyRN t execvpt execvpeR t exc_infot exc_typet exc_valuet tbt tracebackt format_exceptiont exc_linesR- t child_tracebackR t picklet dumpst _exitR RS t waitpidt loadst child_exceptionR ( R2 R RL R: R; RM RN RC R< R= RO RE RF RG RH RI RJ R R R R R RS R R R ( ( R RK s c C s] t i | o t i | | _ n3 t i | o t i | | _ n t d d S( Ns Unknown child exit status!( RP t WIFSIGNALEDt stst WTERMSIGR2 RB t WIFEXITEDt WEXITSTATUSRo ( R2 R ( ( R t _handle_exitstatus s c C s | i d j oz yC t i | i t i \ } } | | i j o | i | n Wq t i j o! | d j o | | _ q q Xn | i S( sQ Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute.N( R2 RB R RP R RA t WNOHANGR R R R ( R2 R RA R ( ( R R s c C sC | i d j o, t i | i d \ } } | i | n | i S( sO Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.i N( R2 RB R RP R RA R R ( R2 RA R ( ( R R s c C s | i o) | i i | p | i i q3 n t o | i | \ } } n | i | \ } } | d j o d i | } n | d j o d i | } n | i oH t t d o8 | o | i | } n | o | i | } q n | i | | f S( sz Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for process to terminate. The optional input argument should be a string to be sent to the child process, or None, if no data should be sent to the child. communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr).R" R N( R2 R> t flushR R t _has_pollt _communicate_with_pollR? R@ t _communicate_with_selectR R- RC R t fileRU R ( R2 R R? R@ ( ( R R s& c s d } d } h h } t i d } d } | i o | o | | i t i n t i t i B} | i o+ | | i | g | | i i <} n | i o+ | | i | g | | i i <} n d } x oy i } Wn9 t i j o* } | i d t i j o q n n Xx | D] \ } } | t i @oL | | | t !} | t i | | 7} | t | j o | | qqG| | @o< t i | d } | p | | n | | i" | qG| | qGWq W| | f S( Nc s* i | i | | | i <d S( N( t pollert registert file_objRa t eventmaskt fd2file( R R ( R R ( R t register_and_append9 s c s, i | | i i | d S( N( R t unregisterR R R t pop( R ( R R ( R t close_unregister_and_remove= s i i (# R R? R@ R t fd2outputt selectR R R R R2 R> R t POLLOUTt POLLINt POLLPRIt select_POLLIN_POLLPRIRa t input_offsett readyR R R t errnot EINTRR t modet _PIPE_BUFt chunkRP R R+ R RS R) ( R2 R R R? R R R R R@ R R R RS R R R R ( ( R R R R 2 sN c C s g } g } d } d } | i o | o | i | i n | i o | i | i g } n | i o | i | i g } n d } x| p | ott i | | g \ } } } | i | j on | | | t !} t i | i i | } | | 7} | t | j o! | i i | i | i q8n | i | j oZ t i | i i d } | d j o! | i i | i | i n | i | n | i | j oZ t i | i i d } | d j o! | i i | i | i n | i | q q W| | f S( Ni i R" ( t read_sett write_setR R? R@ R2 R> R R) R R t rlistt wlistt xlistR R RP R Ra t bytes_writtenR+ R R R RS ( R2 R R R R? R RS R R R@ R R R ( ( R R h sH ( R R R R$ RR RU R RV R9 RD Rb Rp RK R R R R R R R R R ( ( ( R R s, 0K < P 9 - g * 6c C s. t d g d t i d } d GH| GHt i d j o& t d g d d } | i n d GHt d g d t } t d d g d | i d t } t | i d GHHd GHy t d g i GHWnJ t j o> } | i t i j o d GHd GH| i GHq*d G| i GHn Xt i d IJd S( Nt psR? i s Process list:t idR: c C s t i d S( Nid ( RP t setuid( ( ( R t <lambda> s s Looking for 'hda'...t dmesgt grept hdaR> s Trying a weird file...s /this/path/does/not/exists' The file didn't exist. I thought so...s Child traceback:t Errors Gosh. No error.( R R R t plistRP t getuidt pR t p1R? t p2t reprt OSErrorR R t ENOENTR R R@ ( R R R R R ( ( R t _demo_posix s* ! c C sl d GHt d d t d t } t d d | i d t } t | i d GHd GHt d } | i d S( Ns% Looking for 'PROMPT' in set output...t setR? RO s find "PROMPT"R> i s Executing calc...t calc( R R R R R? R R R R R ( R R R ( ( R t _demo_windows s t __main__(" t __doc__R t platformR9 RP R^ R R R[ t _subprocessR R R R R R R R t getattrR t __all__t sysconfR R R R R R R. t objectR R R R ( R R R9 R R R R R[ R R R R^ R R R R R RP R R R. R R R R R ( ( R t ?U sL D )