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//usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo
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' ( “ ± ä Å ó u ÷ × 2 ½ Ü À s F ò Î ( Ç æ ù Ú V Ñ ¨ ^ › ! Q < k >   E ˜ % -1 suppress lines unique to FILE1 -2 suppress lines unique to FILE2 -3 suppress lines that appear in both files INTEGER copy up to but not including specified line number /REGEXP/[OFFSET] copy up to but not including a matching line %REGEXP%[OFFSET] skip to, but not including a matching line {INTEGER} repeat the previous pattern specified number of times {*} repeat the previous pattern as many times as possible A line OFFSET is a required `+' or `-' followed by a positive integer. # users=%lu -T implied by -l nn when nn <= 10 or <= 3 with -F. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. A field is a run of whitespace, then non-whitespace characters. Fields are skipped before chars. A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment. As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing, regular file. BLOCKS and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: xM M, c 1, w 2, b 512, kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, GB 1000*1000*1000, G 1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y. Each CONV symbol may be: By default, selects -v1 -i1 -l1 -sTAB -w6 -nrn -hn -bt -fn. CC are two delimiter characters for separating logical pages, a missing second character implies :. Type \\ for \. STYLE is one of: By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes. Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files. If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized: \0NNN the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal) \\ backslash \a alert (BEL) \b backspace If FILE is -, shred standard output. Delete FILE(s) if --remove (-u) is specified. The default is not to remove the files because it is common to operate on device files like /dev/hda, and those files usually should not be removed. When operating on regular files, most people use the --remove option. If FILE is specified, read it to determine which colors to use for which file types and extensions. Otherwise, a precompiled database is used. For details on the format of these files, run `dircolors --print-database'. N may have a multiplier suffix: b 512, k 1024, m 1024*1024. Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it is usually possible to recover the contents of that file. If you want more assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred. Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed to login group if implied by a `:' following a symbolic OWNER. OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic. POS is F[.C][OPTS], where F is the field number and C the character position in the field. OPTS is one or more single-letter ordering options, which override global ordering options for that key. If no key is given, use the entire line as the key. SIZE may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: RADIX is d for decimal, o for octal, x for hexadecimal or n for none. BYTES is hexadecimal with 0x or 0X prefix, it is multiplied by 512 with b suffix, by 1024 with k and by 1048576 with m. Adding a z suffix to any type adds a display of printable characters to the end of each line of output. Read standard input if FILE is -. Each PATTERN may be: Report bugs to <%s>. SETs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent themselves. Interpreted sequences are: \NNN character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits) \\ backslash \a audible BEL \b backspace \f form feed \n new line \r return \t horizontal tab SIZE is a number. For TYPE in doux, SIZE may also be C for sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for sizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double). SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y. SIZE may have a multiplier suffix: b for 512, k for 1K, m for 1 Meg. The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values: The sums are computed as described in %s. When checking, the input should be a former output of this program. The default mode is to print a line with checksum, a character indicating type (`*' for binary, ` ' for text), and name for each FILE. To remove a file whose name starts with a `-', for example `-foo', use one of these commands: %s -- -foo %s ./-foo Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear. -t may be used only when translating. SET2 is extended to length of SET1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Unless -t CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored, else fields are separated by CHAR. Any FIELD is a field number counted from 1. FORMAT is one or more comma or blank separated specifications, each being `FILENUM.FIELD' or `0'. Default FORMAT outputs the join field, the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all separated by CHAR. Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields. Use one, and only one of -b, -c or -f. Each LIST is made up of one range, or many ranges separated by commas. Selected input is written in the same order that it is read, and is written exactly once. Each range is one of: N N'th byte, character or field, counted from 1 N- from N'th byte, character or field, to end of line N-M from N'th to M'th (included) byte, character or field -M from first to M'th (included) byte, character or field With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. With no FILE or if FILE is -, read Standard Input. `-F /' by default. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. With no options, produce three-column output. Column one contains lines unique to FILE1, column two contains lines unique to FILE2, and column three contains lines common to both files. Without any OPTION, print some useful set of identified information. Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE argument, concatenate them in the listed order to form the input. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. separate columns by STRING, without -S: Default separator <TAB> with -J and <space> otherwise (same as -S" "), no effect on column options -t, --omit-header omit page headers and trailers --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like --backup but does not accept an argument -c (ignored) -d, --directory treat all arguments as directory names; create all components of the specified directories --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks -B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~ -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute. --help display this help and exit --verbose print a diagnostic to standard error just before each output file is opened --version output version information and exit Size Used Avail Use%% Inodes IUsed IFree IUse%% Size Used Avail Use%% -A, --address-radix=RADIX decide how file offsets are printed -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES skip BYTES input bytes first -D create all leading components of DEST except the last, then copy SOURCE to DEST -g, --group=GROUP set group ownership, instead of process' current group -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x -o, --owner=OWNER set ownership (super-user only) -D, --all-repeated[=delimit-method] print all duplicate lines delimit-method={none(default),prepend,separate} Delimiting is done with blank lines. -f, --skip-fields=N avoid comparing the first N fields -i, --ignore-case ignore differences in case when comparing -s, --skip-chars=N avoid comparing the first N characters -u, --unique only print unique lines -D, --date-format=FORMAT use FORMAT for the header date -e[CHAR[WIDTH]], --expand-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]] expand input CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8) -F, -f, --form-feed use form feeds instead of newlines to separate pages (by a 3-line page header with -F or a 5-line header and trailer without -F) -L, --dereference dereference all symbolic links -P, --no-dereference don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default) -0, --null end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline -S, --separate-dirs do not include size of subdirectories -s, --summarize display only a total for each argument -L, --max-line-length print the length of the longest line -w, --words print the word counts -P, --portability use the POSIX output format --sync invoke sync before getting usage info -t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE -T, --print-type print file system type -x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE -v (ignored) -R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively --remove-destination remove each existing destination file before attempting to open it (contrast with --force) -SSTRING, --sep-string[=STRING] -T, --omit-pagination omit page headers and trailers, eliminate any pagination by form feeds set in input files -v, --show-nonprinting use octal backslash notation -w PAGE_WIDTH, --width=PAGE_WIDTH set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters for multiple text-column output only, -s[char] turns off (72) -W PAGE_WIDTH, --page-width=PAGE_WIDTH set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters always, truncate lines, except -J option is set, no interference with -S or -s -a change only the access time -c, --no-create do not create any files -d, --date=STRING parse STRING and use it instead of current time -f (ignored) -m change only the modification time -a, --across print columns across rather than down, used together with -COLUMN -c, --show-control-chars use hat notation (^G) and octal backslash notation -d, --double-space double space the output -a, --all write counts for all files, not just directories --apparent-size print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (`sparse') files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like -B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks -b, --bytes equivalent to `--apparent-size --block-size=1' -c, --total produce a grand total -D, --dereference-args dereference FILEs that are symbolic links -a, --archive same as -dpR --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like --backup but does not accept an argument --copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive -d same as --no-dereference --preserve=link -b, --before attach the separator before instead of after -r, --regex interpret the separator as a regular expression -s, --separator=STRING use STRING as the separator instead of newline -b, --body-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering body lines -d, --section-delimiter=CC use CC for separating logical pages -f, --footer-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering footer lines -b, --bytes count bytes rather than columns -s, --spaces break at spaces -w, --width=WIDTH use WIDTH columns instead of 80 -b, --bytes=LIST select only these bytes -c, --characters=LIST select only these characters -d, --delimiter=DELIM use DELIM instead of TAB for field delimiter -b, --suffix-format=FORMAT use sprintf FORMAT instead of %02d -f, --prefix=PREFIX use PREFIX instead of `xx' -k, --keep-files do not remove output files on errors -c, --bytes=[-]N print the first N bytes of each file; with the leading `-', print all but the last N bytes of each file -n, --lines=[-]N print the first N lines instead of the first 10; with the leading `-', print all but the last N lines of each file -c, --count prefix lines by the number of occurrences -d, --repeated only print duplicate lines -c, --crown-margin preserve indentation of first two lines -p, --prefix=STRING reformat only lines beginning with STRING, reattaching the prefix to reformatted lines -s, --split-only split long lines, but do not refill -d, --delimiters=LIST reuse characters from LIST instead of TABs -s, --serial paste one file at a time instead of in parallel -e enable interpretation of backslash escapes -E disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default) -e enable interpretation of backslash escapes (default) -E disable interpretation of backslash escapes -f, --fields=LIST select only these fields; also print any line that contains no delimiter character, unless the -s option is specified -n (ignored) -f, --follow[={name|descriptor}] output appended data as the file grows; -f, --follow, and --follow=descriptor are equivalent -F same as --follow=name --retry -f, --force change permissions to allow writing if necessary -n, --iterations=N Overwrite N times instead of the default (%d) -s, --size=N shred this many bytes (suffixes like K, M, G accepted) -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed --reference=RFILE use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values -R, --recursive change files and directories recursively -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages --reference=RFILE use RFILE's group rather than the specifying GROUP value -R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages --reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than the specifying OWNER:GROUP values -R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed -g, --general-numeric-sort compare according to general numerical value -i, --ignore-nonprinting consider only printable characters -M, --month-sort compare (unknown) < `JAN' < ... < `DEC' -n, --numeric-sort compare according to string numerical value -r, --reverse reverse the result of comparisons -h HEADER, --header=HEADER use a centered HEADER instead of filename in page header, -h "" prints a blank line, don't use -h"" -i[CHAR[WIDTH]], --output-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]] replace spaces with CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8) -J, --join-lines merge full lines, turns off -W line truncation, no column alignment, --sep-string[=STRING] sets separators -h, --header-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering header lines -i, --page-increment=NUMBER line number increment at each line -l, --join-blank-lines=NUMBER group of NUMBER empty lines counted as one -n, --number-format=FORMAT insert line numbers according to FORMAT -p, --no-renumber do not reset line numbers at logical pages -s, --number-separator=STRING add STRING after (possible) line number -h, --no-dereference affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink) -i, --ignore-case ignore differences in case when comparing fields -j FIELD equivalent to `-1 FIELD -2 FIELD' -o FORMAT obey FORMAT while constructing output line -t CHAR use CHAR as input and output field separator -i, --initial do not convert tabs after non blanks -t, --tabs=NUMBER have tabs NUMBER characters apart, not 8 -i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage -k like --block-size=1K -l, --local limit listing to local file systems --no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default) -l use a long listing format -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries -l PAGE_LENGTH, --length=PAGE_LENGTH set the page length to PAGE_LENGTH (66) lines (default number of lines of text 56, and with -F 63) -m, --merge print all files in parallel, one in each column, truncate lines, but join lines of full length with -J -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), not a=rw - umask -m, --mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask -p, --parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed -v, --verbose print a message for each created directory -n, --digits=DIGITS use specified number of digits instead of 2 -s, --quiet, --silent do not print counts of output file sizes -z, --elide-empty-files remove empty output files -n, --lines=N output the last N lines, instead of the last %d --max-unchanged-stats=N with --follow=name, reopen a FILE which has not changed size after N (default %d) iterations to see if it has been unlinked or renamed (this is the usual case of rotated log files) -n, --no-dereference treat destination that is a symlink to a directory as if it were a normal file -i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations -s, --symbolic make symbolic links instead of hard links -n[SEP[DIGITS]], --number-lines[=SEP[DIGITS]] number lines, use DIGITS (5) digits, then SEP (TAB), default counting starts with 1st line of input file -N NUMBER, --first-line-number=NUMBER start counting with NUMBER at 1st line of first page printed (see +FIRST_PAGE) -o MARGIN, --indent=MARGIN offset each line with MARGIN (zero) spaces, do not affect -w or -W, MARGIN will be added to PAGE_WIDTH -r, --no-file-warnings omit warning when a file cannot be opened -p, --preserve-timestamps apply access/modification times of SOURCE files to corresponding destination files -s, --strip strip symbol tables -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY -T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file -v, --verbose print the name of each directory as it is created -q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters --show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal) -Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes --quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape -q, --quiet, --silent never print headers giving file names -v, --verbose always print headers giving file names -s, --only-delimited do not print lines not containing delimiters --output-delimiter=STRING use STRING as the output delimiter the default is to use the input delimiter -s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY -T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file -s[CHAR],--separator[=CHAR] separate columns by a single character, default for CHAR is the <TAB> character without -w and 'no char' with -w -s[CHAR] turns off line truncation of all 3 column options (-COLUMN|-a -COLUMN|-m) except -w is set -t equivalent to -vT -T, --show-tabs display TAB characters as ^I -u (ignored) -v, --show-nonprinting use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB -t, --tabs=LIST use comma separated list of explicit tab positions -t, --tagged-paragraph indentation of first line different from second -u, --uniform-spacing one space between words, two after sentences -w, --width=WIDTH maximum line width (default of 75 columns) -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time -U do not sort; list entries in directory order -v sort by version -u, --remove truncate and remove file after overwriting -v, --verbose show progress -x, --exact do not round file sizes up to the next full block; this is the default for non-regular files -z, --zero add a final overwrite with zeros to hide shredding -u, --update copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing -v, --verbose explain what is being done -x, --one-file-system stay on this file system -v FILENUM like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines -1 FIELD join on this FIELD of file 1 -2 FIELD join on this FIELD of file 2 -v, --first-page=NUMBER first line number on each logical page -w, --number-width=NUMBER use NUMBER columns for line numbers -w, --check-chars=N compare no more than N characters in lines -x, --one-file-system skip directories on different file systems -X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE. --exclude=PATTERN Exclude files that match PATTERN. --max-depth=N print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize -z, --zero-terminated end lines with 0 byte, not newline [:graph:] all printable characters, not including space [:lower:] all lower case letters [:print:] all printable characters, including space [:punct:] all punctuation characters [:space:] all horizontal or vertical whitespace [:upper:] all upper case letters [:xdigit:] all hexadecimal digits [=CHAR=] all characters which are equivalent to CHAR \a alert (BEL) \b backspace \c produce no further output \f form feed \c suppress trailing newline \f form feed \n new line \r carriage return \t horizontal tab \v vertical tab \n new line \r carriage return \t horizontal tab \v vertical tab \v vertical tab CHAR1-CHAR2 all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order [CHAR*] in SET2, copies of CHAR until length of SET1 [CHAR*REPEAT] REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0 [:alnum:] all letters and digits [:alpha:] all letters [:blank:] all horizontal whitespace [:cntrl:] all control characters [:digit:] all digits ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size unblock replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline lcase change upper case to lower case d[SIZE] signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer f[SIZE] floating point, SIZE bytes per integer o[SIZE] octal, SIZE bytes per integer u[SIZE] unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer x[SIZE] hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer nocreat do not create the output file excl fail if the output file already exists notrunc do not truncate the output file ucase change lower case to upper case swab swap every pair of input bytes noerror continue after read errors sync pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing fsync likewise, but also write metadata none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given) numbered, t make numbered backups existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise simple, never always make simple backups %4s-blocks Used Available Capacity %4s-blocks Used Available Use%% (backup: %s) Mounted on % 1% of memory, b 1, K 1024 (default), and so on for M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. *** WARNING *** The locale specified by the environment affects sort order. Set LC_ALL=C to get the traditional sort order that uses native byte values. %d: fmt="%s" width=%d %ld day %ld days %lu user %lu users %s %s -> %s (unbackup) %s and %s are the same file %s changed dev/ino %s exists but is not a directory %s has unknown file type %s is too large %s: %s is so large that it is not representable %s: %s:%s: disorder: %s: FAILED open or read %s: No such user %s: `}' is required in repeat count %s: can make relative symbolic links only in current directory %s: cannot follow end of this type of file; giving up on this name %s: cannot overwrite directory %s: cannot rewind %s: cannot seek %s: cannot seek to offset %s %s: cannot shred append-only file descriptor %s: closing delimiter `%c' missing %s: count `%.*s' too large %s: equivalence class operand must be a single character %s: error truncating %s: error writing at offset %s %s: failed to close %s: failed to open for writing %s: failed to remove %s: fcntl failed %s: fdatasync failed %s: file has negative size %s: file too large %s: file too long %s: file truncated %s: fstat failed %s: fsync failed %s: hard link not allowed for directory %s: illegal option -- %c %s: input contains a loop: %s: input file is output file %s: integer expected after delimiter %s: invalid PID %s: invalid file type %s: invalid maximum number of unchanged stats between opens %s: invalid number %s: invalid number of bytes %s: invalid number of lines %s: invalid number of seconds %s: invalid option -- %c %s: invalid pattern %s: invalid process id %s: invalid regular expression: %s %s: invalid signal %s: invalid suffix length %s: line number must be greater than zero %s: line number out of range %s: lseek failed %s: multiple signals specified %s: no properly formatted %s checksum lines found %s: number of bytes is too large %s: option `%c%s' doesn't allow an argument %s: option `%s' is ambiguous %s: option `%s' requires an argument %s: option `--%s' doesn't allow an argument %s: option `-W %s' doesn't allow an argument %s: option `-W %s' is ambiguous %s: option requires an argument -- %c %s: overwrite %s, overriding mode %04lo? %s: overwrite %s? %s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)... %s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...%s %s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...%s/%s %d%% %s: read error %s: remove %s %s? %s: remove write-protected %s %s? %s: removed %s: removing %s: renamed to %s %s: replace %s? %s: unrecognized option `%c%s' %s: unrecognized option `--%s' %s: warning: making a hard link to a symbolic link is not portable %s:%lu: invalid line; missing second token %s:%lu: unrecognized keyword %s %scannot read table of mounted file systems %s}: integer required between `{' and `}' ' * log-structured or journaled file systems, such as those supplied with AIX and Solaris (and JFS, ReiserFS, XFS, Ext3, etc.) * file systems that write redundant data and carry on even if some writes fail, such as RAID-based file systems * file systems that make snapshots, such as Network Appliance's NFS server , load average: %.2f , %g second, %s/s , %g seconds, %s/s --string without a number implies 3. --width without a number implies 32. By default, od uses -A o -t d2 -w 16. -R --dereference requires either -H or -L -R -h requires -P -s uses SET1 if not translating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs after translation or deletion. <internal> All arguments to long options are mandatory for short options. COMMENT Call the link function to create a link named FILE2 to an existing FILE1. Call the unlink function to remove the specified FILE. Cannot combine --target-directory (-t) and --no-target-directory (-T) Cannot specify both printing across and printing in parallel. Cannot specify number of columns when printing in parallel. Change the group of each FILE to GROUP. With --reference, change the group of each FILE to that of RFILE. -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made --dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather than the symbolic link itself (this is the default) Change the mode of each FILE to MODE. -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE. -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made --dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather than the symbolic link itself (this is the default) Compare sorted files FILE1 and FILE2 line by line. Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output. -A, --show-all equivalent to -vET -b, --number-nonblank number nonblank output lines -e equivalent to -vE -E, --show-ends display $ at end of each line -n, --number number all output lines -s, --squeeze-blank never more than one single blank line Convert tabs in each FILE to spaces, writing to standard output. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands. bs=BYTES force ibs=BYTES and obs=BYTES cbs=BYTES convert BYTES bytes at a time conv=CONVS convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list count=BLOCKS copy only BLOCKS input blocks ibs=BYTES read BYTES bytes at a time Create named pipes (FIFOs) with the given NAMEs. Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist. Create the special file NAME of the given TYPE. Discard all but one of successive identical lines from INPUT (or standard input), writing to OUTPUT (or standard output). EXIT Echo the STRING(s) to standard output. -n do not output the trailing newline Excess characters of SET2 are ignored. Only [:lower:] and [:upper:] are guaranteed to expand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they may only be used in pairs to specify case conversion. FAILED File operands cannot be combined with --files0-from. File operands cannot be combined with --print-database (-p). Filesystem Filesystem Type For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited by whitespace. When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input. -a FILENUM print unpairable lines coming from file FILENUM, where FILENUM is 1 or 2, corresponding to FILE1 or FILE2 -e EMPTY replace missing input fields with EMPTY Force changed blocks to disk, update the super block. In the first three forms, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group. In the 4th form, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies). Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. NAME OK Output a permuted index, including context, of the words in the input files. Output commands to set the LS_COLORS environment variable. Determine format of output: -b, --sh, --bourne-shell output Bourne shell code to set LS_COLORS -c, --csh, --c-shell output C shell code to set LS_COLORS -p, --print-database output defaults Output file suffixes exhausted Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files `xx00', `xx01', ..., and output byte counts of each piece to standard output. Output who is currently logged in according to FILE. If FILE is not specified, use %s. %s as FILE is common. Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder for even very expensive hardware probing to recover the data. PID Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing. Print CRC checksum and byte counts of each FILE. Print NAME with any leading directory components removed. If specified, also remove a trailing SUFFIX. Print NAME with its trailing /component removed; if NAME contains no /'s, output `.' (meaning the current directory). Print checksum and block counts for each FILE. -r defeat -s, use BSD sum algorithm, use 1K blocks -s, --sysv use System V sum algorithm, use 512 bytes blocks Print information for USERNAME, or the current user. -a ignore, for compatibility with other versions -g, --group print only the effective group ID -G, --groups print all group IDs -n, --name print a name instead of a number, for -ugG -r, --real print the real ID instead of the effective ID, with -ugG -u, --user print only the effective user ID Print newline, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if more than one FILE is specified. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. -c, --bytes print the byte counts -m, --chars print the character counts -l, --lines print the newline counts Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output. Print the first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Print the last %d lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Print the prime factors of each NUMBER. Reformat each paragraph in the FILE(s), writing to standard output. If no FILE or if FILE is `-', read standard input. Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty. --ignore-fail-on-non-empty ignore each failure that is solely because a directory is non-empty Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. Repeatedly output a line with all specified STRING(s), or `y'. Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT. Set LC_ALL='C' to work around the problem. Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides, or all file systems by default. Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories. TIME The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values: The strings compared were %s and %s. This default behavior is not desirable when you really want to track the actual name of the file, not the file descriptor (e.g., log rotation). Use --follow=name in that case. That causes tail to track the named file by reopening it periodically to see if it has been removed and recreated by some other program. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. Try `%s --help' for more information. Unknown system error Update the access and modification times of each FILE to the current time. Usage: %s EXPRESSION or: %s OPTION Usage: %s FILE or: %s OPTION Usage: %s FORMAT [ARGUMENT]... or: %s OPTION Usage: %s NAME or: %s OPTION Usage: %s NAME [SUFFIX] or: %s OPTION Usage: %s NEWROOT [COMMAND...] or: %s OPTION Usage: %s [-DIGITS] [OPTION]... [FILE]... Usage: %s [FILE]... or: %s [OPTION] Usage: %s [NAME] or: %s OPTION Print or set the hostname of the current system. Usage: %s [NUMBER]... or: %s OPTION Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE [...] Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE] Write totally ordered list consistent with the partial ordering in FILE. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]... Usage: %s [OPTION] [INPUT [PREFIX]] Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN... Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2 Usage: %s [OPTION]... GROUP FILE... or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... Usage: %s [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE... or: %s [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE... or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... Usage: %s [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2] Usage: %s [OPTION]... [ FILE ] Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY or: %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE... Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY or: %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE... or: %s [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY... Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...] Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE] Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]... Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]... or: %s [OPTION]... --files0-from=F Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]] Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT]... (without -G) or: %s -G [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]] Usage: %s [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE... or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... Usage: %s [OPTION]... [STRING]... Usage: %s [OPTION]... [USERNAME] Usage: %s [STRING]... or: %s OPTION Valid arguments are: WARNING: Circular directory structure. This almost certainly means that you have a corrupted file system. NOTIFY YOUR SYSTEM MANAGER. The following directory is part of the cycle: %s WARNING: use --si, not -H; the meaning of the -H option will soon change to be the same as that of --dereference-args (-D) Warning: Warning: -i will be removed in a future release; use -u instead With --follow (-f), tail defaults to following the file descriptor, which means that even if a tail'ed file is renamed, tail will continue to track its end. Wrap input lines in each FILE (standard input by default), writing to standard output. Write each FILE to standard output, last line first. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Write each FILE to standard output, with line numbers added. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from each FILE, separated by TABs, to standard output. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Written by %s and %s. Written by %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, and others. Written by %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s, %s, %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s, %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s, %s, and %s. Written by %s. [=c=] expressions may not appear in string2 when translating ^[nN] ^[yY] ` `--pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]' missing argument accessing %s am ambiguous argument %s for %s an input delimiter may be specified only when operating on fields backing up %s would destroy source; %s not copied backing up %s would destroy source; %s not moved backup type block special file both files cannot be standard input byte offset %s is too large cannot access %s cannot backup %s cannot both summarize and show all entries cannot change owner and/or group of %s cannot change ownership of %s cannot change permissions of %s cannot change root directory to %s cannot change to directory %s cannot chdir to directory %s cannot combine any two of {ascii,ebcdic,ibm} cannot combine block and unblock cannot combine excl and nocreat cannot combine lcase and ucase cannot combine mode and --reference options cannot combine signal with -l or -t cannot convert U+%04X to local character set cannot convert U+%04X to local character set: %s cannot copy a directory, %s, into itself, %s cannot copy cyclic symbolic link %s cannot create directory %s cannot create fifo %s cannot create hard link %s to %s cannot create link %s cannot create link %s to %s cannot create regular file %s cannot create special file %s cannot create symbolic link %s cannot create symbolic link %s to %s cannot create temporary file cannot determine hostname cannot fstat %s cannot get current directory cannot get the login group of a numeric UID cannot lseek %s cannot lstat %s cannot lstat `.' in %s cannot make both hard and symbolic links cannot make directory %s cannot move %s to %s cannot move %s to a subdirectory of itself, %s cannot move directory onto non-directory: %s -> %s cannot open %s for reading cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory cannot overwrite non-directory %s with directory %s cannot print only names or real IDs in default format cannot print only user and only group cannot read directory %s cannot read file names from %s cannot read symbolic link %s cannot remove %s cannot remove `.' or `..' cannot reposition file pointer for %s cannot run command %s cannot run strip cannot set date cannot set time stamps for %s cannot skip past end of combined input cannot split in more than one way cannot stat %s cannot stat current directory (now %s) cannot un-backup %s cannot unlink %s cannot work around kernel bug after all changed group of %s to %s changed ownership of %s to %s changing group of %s changing ownership of %s changing permissions of %s character offset is zero character out of range character special file close failed closing %s closing %s (fd=%d) closing input file %s closing output file %s closing standard input couldn't get boot time create hard link %s to %s creating directory %s creating hard link %s to %s creating symbolic link %s to %s directory division by zero error in regular expression search error reading %s error writing %s extra operand %s failed to change group of %s to %s failed to change mode of %s to %04lo (%s) failed to change ownership of %s failed to change ownership of %s to %s failed to get attributes of %s failed to preserve ownership for %s failed to preserve permissions for %s failed to preserve times for %s fdatasync failed for %s field number %s is too large field number is zero fifo fifo files not supported file system type %s both selected and excluded fork system call failed fsync failed for %s fts_read failed getting new attributes of %s group of %s retained as %s iconv function not available iconv function not usable ignoring invalid tab size in environment variable TABSIZE: %s ignoring invalid value of environment variable QUOTING_STYLE: %s ignoring invalid width in environment variable COLUMNS: %s input disappeared input line is too long inter-device move failed: %s to %s; unable to remove target invalid argument %s for %s invalid argument: %s invalid byte or field list invalid conversion specifier in suffix: %c invalid conversion specifier in suffix: \%.3o invalid conversion: %s invalid field number: %s invalid group invalid group %s invalid input flag: %s invalid maximum depth %s invalid mode %s invalid mode: %s invalid number %s invalid number after `,' invalid number after `-' invalid number after `.' invalid number at field start invalid number of bytes invalid number of bytes to compare invalid number of bytes to skip invalid number of fields to skip invalid number of lines invalid option -- %c invalid output address radix `%c'; it must be one character from [doxn] invalid output flag: %s invalid status flag: %s invalid user invalid user %s invalid width: %s invalid zero-length file name limit argument memory exhausted message queue minimum string length misaligned [:upper:] and/or [:lower:] construct missing %% conversion specification in suffix missing character class name `[::]' missing conversion specifier in suffix missing destination file operand after %s missing equivalence class character `[==]' missing file operand missing list of fields missing list of positions missing operand after %s mode of %s changed to %04lo (%s) mode of %s retained as %04lo (%s) multiple -l or -t options specified multiple target directories specified neither symbolic link %s nor referent has been changed no SHELL environment variable, and no shell type option given no change to ownership of %s no files remaining no process ID specified no type may be specified when dumping strings non-numeric argument number of bytes number of lines omitting directory %s only one [c*] repeat construct may appear in string2 only one type of list may be specified open failed opening %s ownership of %s retained ownership of %s retained as %s page width too narrow pm preserving times for %s printing all duplicated lines and repeat counts is meaningless range-endpoints of `%s-%s' are in reverse collating sequence order read error read failed reading %s regular empty file regular file removed %s semaphore separator cannot be empty setting permissions for %s setting times of %s shared memory object skip argument skipping file %s, as it was replaced while being copied socket sort size standard error standard input standard input is closed standard output stat failed stray character in field spec string comparison failed strip failed suppressing non-delimited lines makes sense only when operating on fields symbolic link symbolic links are not supported on this system syntax error tab size cannot be 0 tab size contains invalid character(s): %s tab sizes must be ascending tab stop is too large %s target %s is not a directory target directory not allowed when installing a directory the --binary and --text options are meaningless when verifying checksums the --status option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the --warn option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the [c*] construct may appear in string2 only when translating the [c*] repeat construct may not appear in string1 the delimiter must be a single character the options to output dircolors' internal database and to select a shell syntax are mutually exclusive the options to print and set the time may not be used together the options to specify dates for printing are mutually exclusive the strip option may not be used when installing a directory time %s is out of range too many %% conversion specifications in suffix too many repeated lines total unparsable value for LS_COLORS environment variable unrecognized operand %s unrecognized operand %s=%s unrecognized option `-%c' value %s is so large that it is not representable warning: --pid=PID is not supported on this system warning: --retry is useful only when following by name warning: PID ignored; --pid=PID is useful only when following warning: invalid width %lu; using %d instead warning: source file %s specified more than once warning: summarizing conflicts with --max-depth=%lu warning: summarizing is the same as using --max-depth=0 warning: working around lseek kernel bug for file (%s) of mt_type=0x%0lx -- see <sys/mtio.h> for the list of types weird file when not truncating set1, string2 must be non-empty when translating with complemented character classes, string2 must map all characters in the domain to one when translating, the only character classes that may appear in string2 are `upper' and `lower' width specification will not create hard link %s to directory %s will not overwrite just-created %s with %s write error write failed writing %s writing to %s you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields Project-Id-Version: coreutils 5.3.0 Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: bug-coreutils@gnu.org POT-Creation-Date: 2006-06-10 11:45+0200 PO-Revision-Date: 2005-07-02 04:13+0800 Last-Translator: Abel Cheung <abelcheung@gmail.com> Language-Team: Chinese (traditional) <zh-l10n@linux.org.tw> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8-bit Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0; -1 ä¸é¡¯ç¤ºä»»ä½•ä¸€è¡Œåªåœ¨ FILE1 出ç¾éŽçš„資料 -2 ä¸é¡¯ç¤ºä»»ä½•ä¸€è¡Œåªåœ¨ FILE2 出ç¾éŽçš„資料 -3 ä¸é¡¯ç¤ºå…©å€‹æª”案ä¸åŒæ™‚出ç¾çš„任何一行 整數 複製直至指定行數之å‰çš„一行 /æ£è¦è¡¨ç¤ºå¼/[å移值] 複製直至符åˆè¡¨ç¤ºå¼ä¹‹å‰çš„一行 %æ£è¦è¡¨ç¤ºå¼%[å移值] 忽略直至符åˆè¡¨ç¤ºå¼ä¹‹å‰çš„一行 {整數} 將之å‰çš„樣å¼é‡è¤‡æŒ‡å®šçš„次數 {*} 將之å‰çš„樣å¼é‡è¤‡æœ€å¤§å¯èƒ½çš„次數 行號å移值是一個(å¿…é ˆçš„)‘+’或‘-’å—å…ƒåŠ ä¸Šä¸€å€‹æ£æ•´æ•¸ã€‚ 登入用家數目=%lu 當 nn <= 10 (é…åˆ -F é¸é …時 nn <= 3) 的時候，使用 -l nn é¸é …å³è¡¨ç¤º -T é¸é … 已生效。如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 一個欄ä½æ˜¯ç”±ä¸€çµ„空白å—å…ƒåŠ ä¸Šä¸€çµ„éžç©ºç™½çš„å—元組æˆçš„。 當åŒæ™‚指定略éŽæ¬„ä½å’Œç•¥éŽå—å…ƒä¸ä½œæ¯”較時，會先略éŽæ¬„ä½ã€‚ 僅用 - 已經ç‰æ–¼ -i é¸é …。如果沒有指定 <指令>，則顯示所有環境變數。 有一個特別情æ³ï¼šå¦‚æžœåŒæ™‚指定 --force å’Œ --backup é¸é …，而且 <來æº> å’Œ <目的地> 是åŒä¸€å€‹å·²å˜åœ¨çš„普通檔案的話，cp 會將 <來æº> 檔案備份。 <å€æ®µæ•¸ç›®> åŠ <ä½å…ƒçµ„> å¯ä»¥åŠ 上以下的單ä½ï¼š xM=M，c=1，w=2，b=512，kB=1000，K=1024，MB=1000000，M=1048576， GB=1000*1000*1000，G=1024*1024*1024，還有 T/P/E/Z/Y 如æ¤é¡žæŽ¨ã€‚ æ¯å€‹ <é—œéµå—> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼š é è¨çš„é¸é …為 -v1 -i1 -l1 -sTAB -w6 -nrn -hn -bt -fn。CC 是兩個用來 分辨æ¯é 的標é ã€å…§å®¹å’Œè¨»è…³çš„å—元；如果沒有指定第二個å—元則表示是 :。 請輸入 \\ 表示 \ å—元。<æ–¹å¼> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ä»¥ä¸‹å…¶ä¸ä¸€å€‹ï¼š é è¨æ¨¡å¼ä¸ï¼Œ<來æº> æª”æ¡ˆæ˜¯å¦ sparse 檔案會經粗略的估計來決定，而且相應 çš„ <目的地> 檔案也會是 sparse 檔案。æ¤æ–¹å¼ç‰æ–¼ä½¿ç”¨ --sparse=auto é¸é …。指定 --sparse=always 則åªè¦ <來æº> 檔å«æœ‰è¶³å¤ é•·çš„ 0 ä½å…ƒçµ„都會產生 sparse çš„ <目的地> 檔案。使用 --sparse=never 會ç¦æ¢ç”¢ç”Ÿ sparse 檔案。 使用 -e é¸é …時，程å¼èƒ½å¤ è˜åˆ¥ä»¥ä¸‹çš„ç‰¹æ®Šæ ¼å¼ï¼š \0NNN 8 進ä½æ•¸å— NNN 所代表的 ASCII å—å…ƒ \\ å斜號 ‘\’ \a éŸ¿è² (BEL) \b 倒退å—å…ƒ (backspace) 如果 <檔案> 是 -，會覆寫標準輸入的內容。 å¦‚æžœåŠ ä¸Š --remove (-u) é¸é …表示移除 <檔案>。é è¨çš„æ–¹å¼æ˜¯ä¸ç§»é™¤æª”案， å› ç‚ºè¦†å¯«åƒ /dev/hda ç‰çš„è£ç½®æª”案是很普é的，而這些檔案通常ä¸æ‡‰ç§»é™¤ã€‚ 當覆寫普通檔案時，絕大多數人都應該使用 --remove é¸é …。 如果指定 <檔案>，則讀å–該檔案的資料來決定檔案類型åŠå»¶ä¼¸æª”å相應的é¡è‰²ã€‚ å¦å‰‡ï¼Œæœƒä½¿ç”¨ä¸€å€‹é è¨çš„資料庫。如è¦çžè§£æ¤æª”æ¡ˆæ ¼å¼çš„細節，請執行 ‘dircolors --print-database’。 N å¯ä»¥åŠ 上單ä½ï¼šb 表示 512，k 表示 1024，m 表示 1024×1024。 請注æ„，如果使用 rm 來移除檔案，通常ä»å¯ä»¥å°‡è©²æª”案æ¢å¾©åŽŸç‹€ã€‚如果想ä¿è‰ 該檔案的內容無法還原，請考慮使用 shred。 如果沒有指定 <æ“有者>，則ä¸æœƒæ›´æ”¹ã€‚<群組> 也一樣， 但如果æ“æœ‰è€…å¾ŒåŠ ä¸Š ‘:’，<群組> 會更改為æ“有者的主è¦ç¾¤çµ„。 <æ“有者> åŠ <群組> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯æ•¸å—或å稱。 <ä½ç½®> çš„æ ¼å¼æ˜¯ F[.C][OPTS]ï¼Œå…¶ä¸ F 是欄ä½ç·¨è™Ÿï¼ŒC 是該欄的å—å…ƒä½ç½®ã€‚OPTS 是一個或多個單å—元的排åºé¸é …，這些專用的é¸é …會å–代該排åºç´¢å¼•çš„ä¸€èˆ¬æŽ’åº é¸é …。如果沒有指定排åºç´¢å¼•ï¼Œå‰‡ä»¥æ•´è¡Œçš„內容作為索引。 <大å°> å¯ä»¥åŠ 上如下的單ä½ï¼š RADIX çš„é¸æ“‡ç‚ºï¼šd 表示å進ä½ï¼Œo 表示八進ä½ï¼Œh 表示åå…進ä½ï¼Œæˆ– n 表示 ä¸é¡¯ç¤ºåŸºæº–ä½å€ã€‚<ä½å…ƒçµ„> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯å‰ç½® 0x 或 0X çš„åå…進ä½æ•¸å—；如果 <ä½å…ƒçµ„> å¾ŒåŠ ä¸Š b å—元表示將數å—乘以 512ï¼ŒåŠ ä¸Š k 表示乘以 1024ï¼ŒåŠ ä¸Š m 表示乘以 1048576。在任何 <æ ¼å¼> å¾ŒåŠ ä¸Š z å—元會在æ¯è¡Œè¼¸å‡ºå¾Œé¡¯ç¤ºç›¸æ‡‰çš„å¯åˆ—å°å—元。 è‹¥ <檔案> 是 - 則由標準輸入讀å–資料。æ¯ä¸€å€‹ <樣å¼> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼š è«‹å‘ <%s> å›žå ±éŒ¯èª¤ã€‚ SET 是以å—串方å¼æŒ‡å®šã€‚大部份å—元都會直接處ç†ã€‚è¦è§£è¯çš„åºåˆ—包括： \NNN 八進ä½æ•¸å— NNN (1 至 3 個ä½)所代表的å—å…ƒ \\ å斜號 \a éŸ¿è² (BEL) \b 倒退å—å…ƒ (backspace) \f æ›é å—å…ƒ (form feed) \n æ›è¡Œå—å…ƒ (new line) \r 復ä½å—å…ƒ (return) \t 水平定ä½å—å…ƒ (tab) <大å°> 是一個數å—。當 <æ ¼å¼> 是 doux å…¶ä¸ä¹‹ä¸€æ™‚，<大å°> 也å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼šè¡¨ç¤º sizeof(char) çš„ Cã€è¡¨ç¤º sizeof(short) çš„ Sã€è¡¨ç¤º sizeof(int) çš„ I 或 表示 sizeof(long) çš„ L。如果 <æ ¼å¼> 是 f，<大å°> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯è¡¨ç¤º sizeof(float) çš„ Fã€è¡¨ç¤º sizeof(double) çš„ D 或表示 sizeof(long double) çš„ L。 <大å°> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ä»¥ä¸‹çš„å–®ä½ (å–®ä½å‰å¯åŠ 上整數)： kB=1000，K=1024，MB=1000*1000，M=1024*1024，還有 G/T/P/E/Z/Y 如æ¤é¡žæŽ¨ã€‚ <大å°> å¯ä»¥åŠ 上單ä½ï¼šb 表示 512，k 表示 1K，m 表示 1M。 備份檔的後置å—串為 ‘~’，除éžä»¥ --suffix é¸é …或是 SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX 環境變數指定。版本控制的方å¼å¯é€éŽ --backup é¸é …或 VERSION_CONTROL 環境 變數來é¸æ“‡ã€‚以下是å¯ç”¨çš„變數值： ç¸½å’Œæª¢æŸ¥æ˜¯æ ¹æ“š %s æ述的方法計算出來的。當驗è‰æ™‚ï¼Œè¼¸å…¥è³‡æ–™å¿…é ˆæ˜¯æ¤ç¨‹å¼ä»¥å¾€ 的輸出çµæžœã€‚é è¨æ¨¡å¼æ˜¯å°å‡ºç¸½å’Œæª¢æŸ¥å€¼ï¼Œä¸€å€‹ä»£è¡¨æª”案類型的å—å…ƒ (‘*’表示二元 碼，‘ ’[ç©ºæ ¼] 表示文å—)，åŠæ¯å€‹ <檔案> çš„å稱。 è¦ç§»é™¤ç¬¬ä¸€å€‹å—元為‘-’的檔案 (例如‘-foo’)，請使用以下其ä¸ä¸€ç¨®æ–¹æ³•ï¼š %s -- -foo %s ./-foo ç½®æ›æ“作åªåœ¨æ²’有指定 -d é¸é …å’Œ SET1ã€SET2 åŒæ™‚å˜åœ¨çš„情æ³ä¸‹æœ‰æ•ˆã€‚ -t é¸é …åªèƒ½åœ¨ç½®æ›æ“作時使用。有需è¦æ™‚，SET2 會將它的最後一個å—å…ƒ é‡è¤‡ï¼Œç›´è‡³ SET2 的長度和 SET1 的一樣。 除éžä½¿ç”¨äº† ‘-t å—元’ é¸é …，這時會忽略æ¯è¡Œé–‹å§‹çš„空白å—元，å¦å‰‡æ¬„ä½æœƒä»¥æŒ‡å®šçš„ <å—å…ƒ> 分隔。<欄ä½> 編號是由 1 開始算起的。<æ ¼å¼> 是一個或多個以逗號分隔的 å—串，æ¯å€‹å—串å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ ‘<檔案數å—>.<欄ä½>’ 或 ‘0’。é è¨çš„ <æ ¼å¼>是先輸出用來 åˆä½µçš„欄ä½ï¼Œç„¶å¾Œæ˜¯ <檔案1> 的其它欄ä½ï¼Œæœ€å¾Œæ˜¯ <檔案2> 的其它欄ä½ï¼Œå…¨éƒ¨çš†ä»¥ <å—å…ƒ> 來分隔。 å¿…é ˆæ°å¥½æŒ‡å®š -bã€-c 或 -f å…¶ä¸ä¸€å€‹é¸é …。æ¯å€‹ LIST 是由一個範åœæˆ– 多個以逗號分隔的範åœçµ„æˆçš„。輸出çµæžœå’Œè®€å–資料的次åºæ˜¯ä¸€æ¨£çš„，而且åªæœƒ 寫一次。æ¯å€‹ç¯„åœå¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼š N ç”± 1 開始計算，åªå–第 N 個ä½å…ƒçµ„ã€å—å…ƒæˆ–æ¬„ä½ N- 由第 N 個ä½å…ƒçµ„ã€å—元或欄ä½ç›´è‡³è¡Œæœ« N-M 由第 N 至第 M（包括在內）個ä½å…ƒçµ„ã€å—å…ƒæˆ–æ¬„ä½ -M 由第 1 至第 M（包括在內）個ä½å…ƒçµ„ã€å—å…ƒæˆ–æ¬„ä½ å¦‚æžœæ²’æœ‰æŒ‡å®š <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準輸入讀入資料。 é è¨ä½¿ç”¨â€˜-F /’é¸é …。 如果沒有指定<檔案>或<檔案>是 -，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 ä¸åŠ é¸é …的話，程å¼æœƒç”¢ç”Ÿä¸‰æ¬„內容。第一欄的內容åªåœ¨ <檔案1> 出ç¾ï¼Œ 第二欄的åªåœ¨ <檔案2> 出ç¾ï¼Œç¬¬ä¸‰æ¬„的則åŒæ™‚在兩個檔案內出ç¾ã€‚ ä¸åŠ 上任何é¸é …的話，顯示一些有用的身分è˜åˆ¥è³‡è¨Šã€‚ ä»¥æ˜Žç¢ºæ–¹å¼ (é è¨ç‚ºå…«é€²ä½æ•¸å—) 表示 <檔案> 的內容。當指定多於一個 <檔案> 時， 會以指定的次åºå°‡æª”案內容åˆä½µã€‚如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準 輸入讀å–資料。 以 <å—串> 分隔欄ä½ã€‚ ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ -S é¸é …時，é è¨çš„分隔å—串為：使用 -J é¸é …時是 <TAB>，å¦å‰‡æ˜¯ <ç©ºæ ¼> (å³ -S" ")ï¼›æ¤é¸é …ä¸æœƒå½±éŸ¿å…¶å®ƒå’Œ 欄ä½æœ‰é—œçš„é¸é … -t, --omit-header ä¸å°å‡ºæ¨™é 和註腳 --backup[=CONTROL] 為æ¯å€‹å·²å˜åœ¨çš„目的地檔案進行備份 -b é¡žä¼¼ --backup，但ä¸æŽ¥å—任何åƒæ•¸ -c (æ¤é¸é …ä¸ä½œè™•ç†) -d, --directory 所有åƒæ•¸éƒ½ä½œç‚ºç›®éŒ„處ç†ï¼›è€Œä¸”會建立指定目錄的所有主目錄 --block-size=å¤§å° å€æ®µä»¥æŒ‡å®š <大å°> çš„ä½å…ƒçµ„ç‚ºå–®ä½ -B, --ignore-backups ä¸åˆ—出任何以 ~ å—å…ƒçµæŸçš„é …ç›® -c é…åˆ -ltï¼šæ ¹æ“š ctime 排åºåŠé¡¯ç¤º ctime (檔案狀態最後更改的時間) é…åˆ -l ：顯示 ctime ä½†æ ¹æ“šåç¨±æŽ’åº å¦å‰‡ ï¼šæ ¹æ“š ctime æŽ’åº --from=ç›®å‰æ“有者:ç›®å‰ç¾¤çµ„ åªç•¶æ¯å€‹æª”案的æ“有者和群組符åˆé¸é …所指定的， æ‰æœƒæ›´æ”¹æ“有者和群組。其ä¸ä¸€å€‹å¯ä»¥çœç•¥ï¼Œé€™æ™‚ å·²çœç•¥çš„屬性就ä¸éœ€è¦ç¬¦åˆåŽŸæœ‰çš„屬性。 --help 顯示æ¤æ±‚助說明並離開 --verbose é–‹å•Ÿæ¯å€‹è¼¸å‡ºæª”之å‰éƒ½åœ¨æ¨™æº–éŒ¯èª¤è¼¸å‡ºé¡¯ç¤ºè¨Šæ¯ --version 顯示版本資訊並離開 å®¹é‡ å·²ç”¨ å¯ç”¨ 已用%% Inode I已用 Iå¯ç”¨ I已用%% å®¹é‡ å·²ç”¨ å¯ç”¨ 已用%% -A, --address-radix=RADIX 決定基準ä½å€çš„å–®ä½ -j, --skip-bytes=ä½å…ƒçµ„ 先略éŽæŒ‡å®š <ä½å…ƒçµ„> 的輸入資料 -D 建立 <目的地> 的所有上層目錄，然後將 <來æº> 複製至 <目的地> -g, --group=群組 自行指定所屬群組，而ä¸æ˜¯é€²ç¨‹ç›®å‰çš„所屬群組 -m, --mode=æ¨¡å¼ è‡ªè¡ŒæŒ‡å®šæ¬Šé™æ¨¡å¼ (åƒ chmod)，而ä¸æ˜¯ rwxr-xr-x -o, --owner=æ“有者 自行指定æ“有者 (åªé©ç”¨æ–¼æœ€å¤§æ¬ŠåŠ›ä½¿ç”¨è€…) -D, --all-repeated[=分隔方å¼] å°å‡ºæ‰€æœ‰é‡è¤‡çš„資料 分隔方å¼={none(é è¨)ã€prependã€separate} 會使用空行來分隔資料。 -f, --skip-fields=N ä¸æ¯”較最åˆçš„ N å€‹æ¬„ä½ -i, --ignore-case 比較時忽略大å°å¯« -s, --skip-chars=N ä¸æ¯”較最åˆçš„ N 個å—å…ƒ -u, --unique åªå°å‡ºæ²’有é‡è¤‡çš„資料 -D, --date-format=æ ¼å¼ ä½¿ç”¨ <æ ¼å¼> 顯示標é 的日期 -e[å—å…ƒ[寬度]], --expand-tabs[=å—å…ƒ[寬度]] 將輸入資料ä¸çš„ <å—å…ƒ> (é è¨ç‚º TAB) 轉æ›ç‚ºæŒ‡å®š <寬度> çš„ ç©ºæ ¼æ•¸ç›® (é è¨ç‚º 8) -F, -f, --form-feed 使用 form feed 而ä¸æ˜¯ newline å—元來分é (使用æ¤é¸é … 時åªæœƒå°å‡ºä¸‰è¡Œæ¨™é ，å¦å‰‡æœƒå°å‡ºäº”行標é å†åŠ 註腳) -L, --dereference 找出任何符號éˆçµæŒ‡ç¤ºçš„真æ£ç›®çš„地 -P, --no-dereference ä¸è·Ÿéš¨ä»»ä½•ç¬¦è™Ÿéˆçµ (這個是é è¨æ¨¡å¼) -0, --null æ¯è¡Œéƒ½ä»¥ NUL å—元而ä¸æ˜¯æ›è¡Œä½œç‚ºçµå°¾ -S, --separate-dirs ä¸åŒ…括åç›®éŒ„çš„ä½”ç”¨é‡ -s, --summarize åªåˆ†åˆ¥è¨ˆç®—æ¯å€‹æª”案åƒæ•¸æ‰€ä½”çš„ç¸½ç”¨é‡ -L, --max-line-length å°å‡ºæœ€é•·ä¸€è¡Œçš„å—數 -w, --words å°å‡ºä»¥ç©ºæ ¼éš”開為標準的å—數 -P, --portability 使用 POSIX è¼¸å‡ºæ ¼å¼ --sync å–得使用é‡è³‡æ–™å‰å…ˆé€²è¡Œ sync 動作 -t, --type=é¡žåž‹ åªå°å‡ºæŒ‡å®š <é¡žåž‹> 的檔案系統資訊 -T, --print-type å°å‡ºæª”案系統類型 -x, --exclude-type=é¡žåž‹ åªå°å‡ºä¸æ˜¯æŒ‡å®š <é¡žåž‹> 的檔案系統資訊 -v (æ¤é¸é …ä¸ä½œè™•ç†) -R, -r, --recursive 複製目錄åŠç›®éŒ„å…§çš„æ‰€æœ‰é …ç›® --remove-destination 嘗試開啟目的地檔案å‰å…ˆç§»é™¤å·²å˜åœ¨çš„目的地 檔案 (與 --force é¸é …ä¸åŒ) -Så—串, --sep-string[=å—串] -T, --omit-pagination ä¸å°å‡ºä»»ä½•æ¨™é 和註腳，ä¸é€²è¡Œä»»ä½•å› 輸入檔的 form feed å—元而起的分é æ“作 -v, --show-nonprinting 使用åæ–œè™ŸåŠ å…«é€²ä½æ•¸å—的表示法顯示無法列å°çš„å—å…ƒ -w é 寬, --width=é 寬 當顯示多欄的文å—時è¨å®š <é 寬> (é è¨ç‚º 72 å—å…ƒ)ï¼›-s[å—å…ƒ] 會關閉æ¤æ•ˆæžœ -W é 寬, --page-width=é 寬 è¨å®šæ¯é çš„ <é 寬> (é è¨ç‚º 72 個å—å…ƒ)；任何一行太長都會 強行截çŸè‡³ç¬¦åˆé 寬，除éžåŒæ™‚使用 -J é¸é …ï¼›ä¸æœƒå½±éŸ¿ -S 或 -s é¸é … -a åªæ›´æ”¹å˜å–時間 -c, --no-create ä¸å»ºç«‹ä»»ä½•æª”案 -d, --date=å—串 使用 <å—串> 所表示的時間而ä¸æ˜¯ç›®å‰çš„時間 -f (æ¤é¸é …ä¸ä½œè™•ç†) -m åªæ›´æ”¹ä¿®æ”¹æ™‚é–“ -a, --across å°å‡ºå…§å®¹æ™‚æœƒå…ˆæ©«è·¨æ‰€æœ‰æ¬„ä½ (æ©«å‘列å°)，並éžå°å®Œä¸€æ¬„æ‰ è·³è‡³ç¬¬äºŒæ¬„ç¹¼çºŒåˆ—å°ï¼›æ¤é¸é …需è¦é…åˆ -欄數 使用 -c, --show-control-chars 使用 ^ 符號 (^G) 或åæ–œè™ŸåŠ å…«é€²ä½æ•¸å—顯示無法列å°çš„å—å…ƒ -d, --double-space 隔行顯示çµæžœ -a, --all 顯示目錄ä¸æ‰€æœ‰æª”案的佔用é‡ï¼Œä¸¦éžåªæ˜¯ç›®éŒ„çš„ç¸½ç”¨é‡ --apparent-size 顯示表é¢ä¸Šçš„檔案大å°è€Œä¸æ˜¯çœŸæ£çš„空間佔用é‡ï¼›é›–然 表é¢ä¸Šæª”案通常比較å°ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿæœ‰å¯èƒ½æ¯”較大 (例如 sparse 檔案ã€æª”案分æˆæ•¸æ®µç‰ç‰) -B, --block-size=å¤§å° å€æ®µä»¥æŒ‡å®š <大å°> çš„ä½å…ƒçµ„ç‚ºå–®ä½ -b, --bytes ç‰æ–¼ ‘--apparent-size --block-size=1’ -c, --total å°å‡ºæ‰€æœ‰é …ç›®ç›¸åŠ å¾Œçš„ç¸½ç”¨é‡ -D, --dereference-args åªæ‰¾å‡ºç¬¦è™Ÿéˆçµæ‰€æŒ‡ç¤ºçš„真æ£ç›®çš„地 -a, --archive ç‰æ–¼ -dpR --backup[=CONTROL] 為æ¯å€‹å·²å˜åœ¨çš„目的地檔案建立備份檔 -b é¡žä¼¼ --backup，但ä¸æŽ¥å—任何åƒæ•¸ --copy-contents 當使用éžè¿´æ¨¡å¼æ™‚複製特殊檔案的內容 -d ç‰æ–¼ --no-dereference --preserve=link -b, --before 將分隔å—ä¸²åŠ åœ¨å‰é¢è€Œä¸æ˜¯å¾Œé¢ -r, --regex 將分隔å—串ç†è§£ç‚ºæ£è¦è¡¨ç¤ºå¼ -s, --separator=å—串 用 <å—串> 作為分隔å—串，而ä¸æ˜¯ newline å—å…ƒ -b, --body-numbering=æ–¹å¼ æ±ºå®šå°‡å…§å®¹åŠ ä¸Šè¡Œè™Ÿçš„ <æ–¹å¼> -d, --section-delimiter=CC 使用 CC å—元分辨標é ã€å…§å®¹å’Œè¨»è…³ -f, --footer-numbering=æ–¹å¼ æ±ºå®šå°‡è¨»è…³åŠ ä¸Šè¡Œè™Ÿçš„ <æ–¹å¼> -b, --bytes 計算ä½å…ƒçµ„總數而éžå—å…ƒä½ç½® -s, --spaces åªåœ¨ç©ºæ ¼ä½ç½®æ–·é–‹ -w, --width=寬度 使用指定的 <寬度> ä½œç‚ºè¡Œå¯¬è€Œéž 80 -b, --bytes=LIST åªé¡¯ç¤ºæŒ‡å®šçš„ä½å…ƒçµ„ -c, --characters=LIST åªé¡¯ç¤ºæŒ‡å®šçš„å—å…ƒ -d, --delimiter=DELIM 以 DELIM å—元代替 TAB 作為欄ä½çš„分隔符號 -b, --suffix-format=æ ¼å¼ ä»¥ sprintf çš„ <æ ¼å¼> 代替 %02d -f, --prefix=å‰ç½®å—串 以 <å‰ç½®å—串> 代替 ‘xx’ -k, --keep-files é‡åˆ°éŒ¯èª¤æ™‚ä¸ç§»é™¤è¼¸å‡ºæª” -c, --bytes=[-]N 顯示æ¯å€‹æª”æ¡ˆçš„æœ€åˆ N 個ä½å…ƒçµ„；如果附有 ‘-’ 號， 則顯示整個檔案減去最後 N 個ä½å…ƒçµ„ -n, --lines=[-]N 顯示æ¯å€‹æª”æ¡ˆçš„æœ€åˆ N 行；如果附有 ‘-’ 號， 則顯示整個檔案減去最後 N è¡Œ -c, --count æ¯è¡Œå‰åŠ 上出ç¾æ¬¡æ•¸ -d, --repeated åªå°å‡ºé‡è¤‡çš„資料 -c, --crown-margin ä¿ç•™æœ€åˆå…©è¡Œçš„ç¸®æŽ’æ–¹å¼ -p, --prefix=å—串 åªè™•ç†å«æœ‰æŒ‡å®šå‰ç½® <å—串> çš„æ¯ä¸€è¡Œï¼Œä¸¦å°‡è™•ç†å¥½ çš„çµæžœé‡æ–°åŠ 上 <å—串> -s, --split-only åªå°‡ä¸€è¡ŒéŽé•·çš„資料分開，而ä¸åˆä½µå¤šæ–¼ä¸€è¡Œçš„資料 -d, --delimiters=列表 å覆使用 <列表> ä¸çš„å—元代替 TAB -s, --serial æ¯æ¬¡åˆä½µä¸€å€‹æª”案ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€è¡Œï¼Œè€Œéžæ‰€æœ‰æª”案的æŸä¸€è¡Œ -e èƒ½å¤ è˜åˆ¥åŠ 上å斜號 ‘\’ çš„ç‰¹æ®Šæ ¼å¼ -E ä¸èƒ½å¤ è˜åˆ¥åŠ 上å斜號 ‘\’ çš„ç‰¹æ®Šæ ¼å¼ (é è¨ä½¿ç”¨) -e èƒ½å¤ è˜åˆ¥åŠ 上å斜號 ‘\’ çš„ç‰¹æ®Šæ ¼å¼ (é è¨ä½¿ç”¨) -E ä¸èƒ½å¤ è˜åˆ¥åŠ 上å斜號 ‘\’ çš„ç‰¹æ®Šæ ¼å¼ -f, --fields=LIST åªé¡¯ç¤ºæŒ‡å®šçš„欄ä½ï¼›åŒæ™‚也å°å‡ºä¸å«åˆ†éš”符號的 æ¯ä¸€è¡Œï¼Œé™¤éžé…åˆ -s é¸é …一起使用 -n (ä¸æœƒä½œä»»ä½•è™•ç†) -f, --follow[={name|descriptor}] 當檔案ä¸æ–·è®Šå¤§æ™‚é¡¯ç¤ºåŠ ä¸Šçš„è³‡æ–™ï¼› -fã€--follow åŠ --follow=descriptor 是相åŒçš„ -F ç‰æ–¼ --follow=name --retry -f, --force 有需è¦æ™‚強迫程å¼å¯å¯«å…¥æª”案 -n, --iterations=N 自行指定é‡è¤‡è¦†å¯«çš„次數 (é è¨ç‚º %d 次) -s, --size=N 覆寫指定的ä½å…ƒçµ„數目 (å¯æŽ¥å— Kã€Mã€G ç‰ç‰çš„å–®ä½) -f, --silent, --quiet åŽ»é™¤å¤§éƒ¨ä»½çš„éŒ¯èª¤è¨Šæ¯ -v, --verbose 處ç†æ¯å€‹æª”æ¡ˆæ™‚éƒ½æœƒé¡¯ç¤ºè¨Šæ¯ --reference=åƒè€ƒæª” 使用<åƒè€ƒæª”>的權é™ï¼Œè€Œéžè‡ªè¡ŒæŒ‡å®š<權é™> -R, --recursive åŒæ™‚處ç†ç›®éŒ„之下的所有的檔案åŠå目錄 -f, --silent, --quiet åŽ»é™¤å¤§éƒ¨ä»½çš„éŒ¯èª¤è¨Šæ¯ --reference=åƒè€ƒæª” 使用<åƒè€ƒæª”>的所屬群組，而éžè‡ªè¡ŒæŒ‡å®š<群組> -R, --recursive åŒæ™‚處ç†ç›®éŒ„之下的所有的檔案åŠå目錄 -v, --verbose 處ç†æ¯å€‹æª”æ¡ˆæ™‚éƒ½æœƒé¡¯ç¤ºè¨Šæ¯ -f, --silent, --quiet åŽ»é™¤å¤§éƒ¨ä»½çš„éŒ¯èª¤è¨Šæ¯ --reference=åƒè€ƒæª” 使用<åƒè€ƒæª”>çš„æ“有者和所屬群組，而éžæŒ‡ä»¤ä¸æŒ‡å®šçš„ -R, --recursive 處ç†æ‰€æœ‰ç›®éŒ„ä¸çš„檔案åŠå目錄 -v, --verbose 處ç†ä»»ä½•æª”æ¡ˆéƒ½æœƒé¡¯ç¤ºè¨Šæ¯ -g, --general-numeric-sort 以普通數值的方å¼ä½œæ¯”較 -i, --ignore-nonprinting åªè€ƒæ…®å¯åˆ—å°çš„å—å…ƒ -M, --month-sort 比較月份： (ä¸æ˜Ž) <‘JAN’< ... <‘DEC’ -n, --numeric-sort å°‡å—串轉æ›ç‚ºæ•¸å€¼ä¾†ä½œæ¯”較 -r, --reverse 以相å的次åºæŽ’列 -h 標é æ–‡å—, --header=標é æ–‡å— æ¯é 的標é 使用置ä¸çš„ <標é æ–‡å—> 代替檔案å稱；-h "" 表示空白å—串，ä¸è¦ä½¿ç”¨ -h"" (ç•™æ„ç©ºæ ¼) -i[å—å…ƒ[寬度]], --output-tabs[=å—å…ƒ[寬度]] 將指定 <寬度> çš„ç©ºæ ¼è½‰æ›ç‚º <å—å…ƒ> (é è¨ç‚º TAB) -J, --join-lines å°‡æ¯è¡Œè³‡æ–™å®Œæ•´åœ°åˆä½µï¼›æœƒé—œé–‰ -W é¸é …å°‡æ¯è¡Œæˆªæ–·çš„效果； ä¸å°‡æ¯æ¬„å°é½Šï¼›--sep-string[=å—串] é¸é …å¯è¨å®šåˆ†éš”å—串 -h, --header-numbering=æ–¹å¼ æ±ºå®šå°‡æ¨™é åŠ ä¸Šè¡Œè™Ÿçš„ <æ–¹å¼> -i, --page-increment=æ•¸å— æ¯è¡Œçš„è¡Œè™Ÿå¢žåŠ é‡ -l, --join-blank-lines=行數 將指定 <行數>的空行åˆä½µæˆä¸€è¡Œ -n, --number-format=æ ¼å¼ æ ¹æ“š <æ ¼å¼> åŠ ä¸Šè¡Œè™Ÿ -p, --no-renumber æ¯æ¬¡åˆ†é 後ä¸é‡è¨è¡Œè™Ÿ -s, --number-separator=å—串 以 <å—串> 分隔行號和內容 -h, --no-dereference 影響符號éˆçµæœ¬èº«ï¼Œè€Œä¸æ˜¯ç¬¦è™ŸéˆçµæŒ‡å®šçš„目的地檔案 (åªæœ‰ç³»çµ±æ”¯æ´æ›´æ”¹ç¬¦è™Ÿéˆçµçš„æ“有者，這個é¸é …æ‰æœ‰æ•ˆ) -i, --ignore-case 當比較欄ä½æ™‚ä¸ç†æœƒå¤§å°å¯« -j æ¬„ä½ ç‰æ–¼ ‘-1 æ¬„ä½ -2 欄ä½â€™ -o æ ¼å¼ ç•¶è¼¸å‡ºæ™‚éµå¾žæŒ‡å®š <æ ¼å¼> -t å—å…ƒ 以 <å—å…ƒ> 作為輸入和輸出的欄ä½åˆ†éš”符號 -i, --initial ä¸è½‰æ›éžç©ºç™½å—元後的 TAB å—å…ƒ -t, --tabs=數目 å°‡ tab 轉æ›ç‚ºæŒ‡å®š <數目> çš„ç©ºæ ¼è€Œä¸æ˜¯ 8 個 -i, --inodes 顯示 inode 資訊而éžç©ºé–“ä½¿ç”¨é‡ -k å³ --block-size=1K -l, --local åªé¡¯ç¤ºæœ¬æ©Ÿçš„檔案系統 --no-sync å–得使用é‡è³‡æ–™å‰ä¸é€²è¡Œ sync 動作 (é è¨) -l ä½¿ç”¨è¼ƒé•·æ ¼å¼åˆ—出資訊 -L, --dereference 當顯示符號éˆçµçš„檔案資訊時，顯示符號éˆçµæ‰€æŒ‡ç¤º 的目標而並éžç¬¦è™Ÿéˆçµæœ¬èº«çš„資訊 -m æ‰€æœ‰é …ç›®ä»¥é€—è™Ÿåˆ†éš”ï¼Œä¸¦å¡«æ»¿æ•´è¡Œè¡Œå¯¬ -l æ¯é 行數, --length=æ¯é 行數 è¨å®šæ¯é 的總行數 (é è¨ç‚º 66) (é è¨å¯é¡¯ç¤ºè³‡æ–™å…§å®¹çš„行數為 56，使用 -F é¸é …時為 63) -m, --merge 並排顯示所有檔案 (æ¯æ¬„一個檔案)；會將資料截çŸè‡³ç¬¦åˆ 欄寬，但使用 -J é¸é …則ä¸æœƒæˆªçŸä»»ä½•ä¸€è¡Œ -m, --mode=æ¨¡å¼ æŒ‡å®šæ¬Šé™æ¨¡å¼ (é¡žä¼¼ chmod)，而ä¸æ˜¯ a=rw 減 umask -m, --mode=æ¨¡å¼ è¨å®šæ¬Šé™ <模å¼> (é¡žä¼¼ chmod)，而ä¸æ˜¯ rwxrwxrwx 減 umask -p, --parents 需è¦æ™‚建立上層目錄，如目錄早已å˜åœ¨å‰‡ä¸ç•¶ä½œéŒ¯èª¤ -v, --verbose æ¯æ¬¡å»ºç«‹æ–°ç›®éŒ„éƒ½é¡¯ç¤ºè¨Šæ¯ -n, --digits=ä½æ•¸ 使用指定ä½æ•¸çš„數å—而ä¸æ˜¯ 2 å€‹ä½ -s, --quiet, --silent ä¸å°å‡ºè¼¸å‡ºæª”çš„å¤§å° -z, --elide-empty-files 移除空白的輸出檔 -n, --lines=N 顯示最後 N 行而ä¸æ˜¯ %d è¡Œ --max-unchanged-stats=N é…åˆ --follow=name 時，如果檢查 <檔案> N 次 (é è¨æ˜¯ %d 次)後檔案大å°ä»æ²’有改變，則會 é‡æ–°é–‹å•Ÿ <檔案> 來檢查檔案是å¦å·²è¢«åˆªé™¤æˆ–改å (æ¤æƒ…æ³åœ¨å‚™ä»½ç´€éŒ„檔時會較常見) --max-consecutive-size-changes=N é…åˆ --follow=name 時，如果 <檔案> 連續 N 次 改變大å°ï¼Œå‰‡èªå®šæ¤æª”案已經被改å。 -n, --no-dereference 如果目的地是一個連çµè‡³æŸç›®éŒ„的符號éˆçµï¼Œæœƒå°‡ 該符號éˆçµç•¶ä½œæ™®é€šæª”案處ç†ï¼Œæœƒå…ˆå‚™ä»½æˆ–移除該 éˆçµ -i, --interactive 確èªæ˜¯å¦ç§»é™¤ç›®çš„地檔案 -s, --symbolic 建立符號éˆçµè€Œä¸æ˜¯å¯¦éš›éˆçµ -n[SEP[ä½æ•¸]], --number-lines[=SEP[ä½æ•¸]] åŠ ä¸Šè¡Œè™Ÿï¼›è¡Œè™Ÿç”±æŒ‡å®š <ä½æ•¸> 的數å—(é è¨ç‚º 5)åŠ ä¸Š SEP å— å…ƒ (é è¨ç‚º TAB) 組æˆï¼›è¨ˆç®—行號時會以æ¯å€‹æª”案第一行開始 -N 行號, --first-line-number=行號 指定æ¯å€‹æª”案第一行的 <行號> (è«‹åƒè€ƒ +開始é 碼 的說明) -o é‚Šç•Œ, --indent=é‚Šç•Œ æ¯è¡Œå‰å…ˆåŠ 上 <é‚Šç•Œ> æ‰€æŒ‡å®šçš„ç©ºæ ¼æ•¸ç›®(é è¨ç‚º 0)ï¼›ä¸æœƒ 影響 -w 或 -W é¸é …ï¼›<é‚Šç•Œ> ç©ºæ ¼æ•¸ç›®æœƒåŠ è‡³ <é 寬> 的數目 -r, --no-file-warnings 無法開啟檔案時ä¸æœƒå°å‡ºè¦å‘Šè¨Šæ¯ -p, --preserve-timestamps 以 <來æº> 檔案的å˜å–/修改時間作為相應的目的 地檔案時間屬性 -s, --strip 用 strip 指令移除 symbol table -S, --suffix=å—串 自行指定備份檔的後置 <å—串> -t, --target-directory=目錄 將所有 <來æº> 複製至該目錄 -T, --no-target-directory 將目的地看æˆæ™®é€šæª”案 -v, --verbose 建立æ¯å€‹ç›®éŒ„時都顯示å稱 -q, --hide-control-chars 以 ? å—元代替無法列å°çš„å—å…ƒ --show-control-chars 直接顯示無法列å°çš„å—å…ƒ (這是é è¨æ–¹å¼ï¼Œé™¤éžèª¿ç”¨ 的程å¼å稱是‘ls’而且是在終端機畫é¢è¼¸å‡ºçµæžœ) -Q, --quote-name å°‡é …ç›®å稱括上雙引號 --quoting-style=æ–¹å¼ ä½¿ç”¨æŒ‡å®šçš„ quoting <æ–¹å¼>é¡¯ç¤ºé …ç›®çš„å稱： literalã€localeã€shellã€shell-alwaysã€cã€escape -q, --quiet, --silent 絕ä¸é¡¯ç¤ºå«æœ‰æª”案å稱的標é -v, --verbose 一定顯示å«æœ‰æª”案å稱的標é -s, --only-delimited ä¸å°å‡ºä¸å«åˆ†éš”符號的æ¯ä¸€è¡Œ --output-delimiter=å—串 以 <å—串> 作為輸出資料的分隔符號 é è¨æ˜¯ä½¿ç”¨è¼¸å…¥è³‡æ–™çš„分隔符號 -s, --symbolic-link åªå»ºç«‹ç¬¦è™Ÿéˆçµè€Œä¸æ˜¯è¤‡è£½æª”案 -S, --suffix=後置å—串 自行指定備份檔的 <後置å—串> -t, --target-directory=目錄 將所有 <來æº> 檔案/目錄複製至指定的 <目錄> -T, --no-target-directory å°‡ <目的地> çœ‹ä½œæ™®é€šæª”æ¡ˆè™•ç† -s[å—å…ƒ],--separator[=å—å…ƒ] 以一個å—元分隔欄ä½ï¼Œç•¶ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ -w é¸é …時é è¨å—元為 <TAB>，å¦å‰‡ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ä»»ä½•åˆ†éš”å—å…ƒ 除éžä½¿ç”¨äº† -w é¸é …，å¦å‰‡ -s[å—å…ƒ] 會防æ¢ä»¥ä¸‹ä¸‰ç¨® 和欄ä½æœ‰é—œçš„é¸é …截斷æ¯è¡Œçš„資料： -欄ä½ã€-a -欄ä½ã€ -m -t ç‰æ–¼ -vT -T, --show-tabs å°‡ TAB å—元顯示為 ^I -u (æ¤é¸é …ä¸ä½œè™•ç†) -v, --show-nonprinting 除了æ›è¡ŒåŠ TAB å—元外，使用 ^ åŠ M- 表示法顯示å—å…ƒ -t, --tabs=LIST 用以逗號分隔的數å—來指定 tab çš„ä½ç½® -t, --tagged-paragraph 第一和第二行的縮排方å¼ä¸åŒ -u, --uniform-spacing æ¯å…©å€‹å—ä¹‹é–“ä»¥ä¸€å€‹ç©ºæ ¼åˆ†éš”ï¼Œå¥åå¾Œå‰‡ç”¨å…©å€‹ç©ºæ ¼ -w, --width=æ•¸å— æœ€å¤§çš„è¡Œå¯¬ (é è¨ç‚º 75 個å—å…ƒ) -u é…åˆ -lt：顯示å˜å–時間而且ä¾å˜å–æ™‚é–“æŽ’åº é…åˆ -l：顯示å˜å–æ™‚é–“ä½†æ ¹æ“šåç¨±æŽ’åº å¦å‰‡ï¼šæ ¹æ“šå˜å–æ™‚é–“æŽ’åº -U ä¸é€²è¡ŒæŽ’åºï¼›ä¾æª”案系統原有的次åºåˆ—å‡ºé …ç›® -v æ ¹æ“šç‰ˆæœ¬é€²è¡ŒæŽ’åº -u, --remove 覆寫後會截斷åŠç§»é™¤è©²æª”案 -v, --verbose 顯示進度 -x, --exact ä¸å°‡æª”案大å°å¢žåŠ 至最接近的å€æ®µå¤§å°ï¼›å¦‚果檔案ä¸æ˜¯æ™®é€šæª”案， é è¨æœƒä½¿ç”¨é€™ç¨®æ¨¡å¼ -z, --zero 最後一次會使用 0 ä½å…ƒçµ„進行覆寫來隱è—覆寫動作 -u, --update åªåœ¨ <來æº> 檔案比目的地檔案新， 或目的地檔案ä¸å˜åœ¨æ™‚æ‰é€²è¡Œè¤‡è£½ -v, --verbose 詳細顯示進行的æ¥é©Ÿ -x, --one-file-system ä¸æœƒè·¨è¶Šæª”案系統進行æ“作 -v æª”æ¡ˆæ•¸å— é¡žä¼¼ -a <檔案數å—>，但ä¸å°å‡ºåˆä½µäº†çš„任何一行 -1 æ¬„ä½ ä»¥æª”æ¡ˆ 1 的指定 <欄ä½> 來åˆä½µ -2 æ¬„ä½ ä»¥æª”æ¡ˆ 2 的指定 <欄ä½> 來åˆä½µ -v, --starting-line-number=æ•¸å— æ¯é 第一行的行號 -w, --number-width=æ•¸å— ä»¥æŒ‡å®š <數å—> çš„å—元作為顯示行數的寬度 -w, --check-chars=N æ¯è¡Œæ¯”較ä¸å¤šæ–¼ N 個å—å…ƒ -x, --one-file-system 忽略屬於其它檔案系統的目錄 -X 檔案, --exclude-from=檔案 ç”± <檔案> 讀å–æ‡‰æŽ’é™¤çš„æª”æ¡ˆçš„æ¨£å¼ --exclude=æ¨£å¼ æŽ’é™¤ç¬¦åˆæŒ‡å®š <樣å¼> 的檔案 --max-depth=N åªé¡¯ç¤ºåƒæ•¸æŒ‡å®šçš„目錄 N 層或以內的åç›®éŒ„çš„ç¸½ç”¨é‡ (若使用 --all é¸é …，也會顯示檔案的佔用é‡)ï¼› --max-depth=0 的效果ç‰æ–¼ --summarize -z, --zero-terminated 以ä½å…ƒçµ„ 0 è€Œéž newline å—元作為æ¯è¡Œçš„çµæŸå—å…ƒ [:graph:] 所有å¯åˆ—å°çš„å—元，ä¸åŒ…æ‹¬ç©ºæ ¼ [:lower:] 所有å°å¯«è‹±æ–‡å—æ¯ [:print:] 所有å¯åˆ—å°çš„å—å…ƒï¼ŒåŒ…æ‹¬ç©ºæ ¼ [:punct:] 所有標點符號 [:space:] 所有水平或垂直的空白å—å…ƒ [:upper:] 所有大寫英文å—æ¯ [:xdigit:] 所有åå…進ä½æ•¸å— [=CHAR=] 所有和 CHAR åŒç‰çš„å—å…ƒ \a éŸ¿è² (BEL) \b 倒退å—å…ƒ (backspace) \c 立刻終æ¢è¼¸å‡ºä»»ä½•å…§å®¹ \f æ›é å—å…ƒ (form feed) \c 立刻終æ¢è¼¸å‡ºä»»ä½•å…§å®¹ \f æ›é å—å…ƒ (form feed) \n æ›è¡Œå—å…ƒ (new line) \r 復ä½å—å…ƒ (return) \t 水平定ä½å—å…ƒ (tab) \v 垂直定ä½å—å…ƒ \n æ›è¡Œå—å…ƒ (new line) \r 復ä½å—å…ƒ (return) \t 水平定ä½å—å…ƒ (tab) \v 垂直定ä½å—å…ƒ \v 垂直定ä½å—å…ƒ (vertical tab) å—å…ƒ1-å—å…ƒ2 ç”± <å—å…ƒ1> 開始å‡åºæŽ’列至 <å—å…ƒ2> [å—å…ƒ*] 在 SET2 裡é‡è¤‡åŠ 上 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--bourne-shell 輸出è¨å®š LS_COLORS çš„ Bourne shell 指令 -c, --csh, --c-shell 輸出è¨å®š LS_COLORS çš„ C shell 指令 -p, --print-database 輸出é è¨çš„色彩è¨å®š 輸出檔的後置å—串已用盡 æ ¹æ“š <樣å¼> 分割 <檔案>，並將之輸出至 ‘xx01’ã€â€˜xx02’ ç‰ç‰çš„檔案， åŒæ™‚在標準輸出顯示æ¯å€‹åˆ†å‰²éƒ¨ä»½çš„ä½å…ƒçµ„數目。 æ ¹æ“š <檔案> 的內容，顯示哪些人目然已經登入系統。如果沒有指定， é è¨æœƒä½¿ç”¨ %s。使用 %s 作為檔案也很普é。 é‡è¤‡è¦†å¯« <檔案>，使得å³ä½¿æ˜¯æ˜‚貴的硬體åµæ¸¬å„€å™¨ä¹Ÿé›£ä»¥å°‡è³‡æ–™å¾©åŽŸã€‚ PID å°‡ <檔案> 分é 或分欄以便列å°ã€‚ å°å‡ºæ¯å€‹ <檔案> çš„ CRC 總和檢查值åŠä½å…ƒçµ„總數。 å°å‡º <檔案å稱>，而且減去å‰é¢æ‰€æœ‰ç›®éŒ„çš„å稱。 如果指定了 <末端å—å…ƒ> 的話，也會嘗試從 <檔案å稱> 末端清除該ç‰å—元。 顯示檔案å稱時減去最後一個 ‘/’ 和之後的內容；如果å稱ä¸æ²’有 ‘/’，則 顯示 ‘.’ (表示當å‰ç›®éŒ„)。 å°å‡ºæ¯å€‹ <檔案> 的總和檢查值åŠå€å¡Šæ•¸ç›®ã€‚ -r 令 -s é¸é …無效，使用 BSD 的演算法，用 1K çš„å€å¡Šå¤§å° -s, --sysv 使用 System V 的演算法，用 512 個ä½å…ƒçµ„çš„å€å¡Šå¤§å° 顯示有關 <用戶å稱> 的資訊，沒有指定的話則顯示目å‰çš„用戶的資訊。 -a æ¤é¸é …會被忽略，åªç‚ºäº†å’Œå…¶å®ƒç‰ˆæœ¬å…¼å®¹ -g, --group åªé¡¯ç¤º effective group ID -G, --groups 顯示所有群組的 group IDs -n, --name é…åˆ -u/-g/-G é¸é …時，顯示å稱而ä¸æ˜¯æ•¸å— -r, --real é…åˆ -u/-g/-G é¸é …時，顯示真æ£çš„ ID 而ä¸æ˜¯ effective ID -u, --user åªé¡¯ç¤º effective user ID å°å‡ºæ¯å€‹ <檔案> 的行數ã€å—數åŠä½å…ƒçµ„數目，指定多個 <檔案> 時還會å°å‡ºç¸½è¨ˆã€‚ 如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 -c, --bytes å°å‡ºä½å…ƒçµ„數目 -m, --chars å°å‡ºå—元數目 -l, --lines å°å‡ºè¡Œæ•¸ 在標準輸出ä¸é¡¯ç¤ºæ¯å€‹ <檔案> æ¯ä¸€è¡Œä¸æŒ‡å®šçš„部份。 在標準輸出顯示æ¯å€‹ <檔案> çš„æœ€åˆ 10 行。 當多於一個 <檔案> æ™‚ï¼Œé¡¯ç¤ºæ™‚æœƒå…ˆåŠ ä¸Šè¡¨ç¤ºæª”æ¡ˆå稱的標é 。 如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 在標準輸出顯示æ¯å€‹ <檔案> 的最後 %d 行。 當指定多於一個 <檔案> 時，會先å°å‡ºè¡¨ç¤ºæ¯å€‹æª”案å稱的標é 。 如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是 -，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 顯示æ¯å€‹æ•¸å—çš„è³ªå› å。 é‡æ–°ç·¨æŽ’ <檔案> ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€æ®µæ–‡å—，並在標準輸出顯示çµæžœã€‚ 如果沒有指定 <檔案> 或 <檔案> 是‘-’，則由標準輸入讀å–資料。 如果 <目錄> 沒有資料則移除該目錄。 --ignore-fail-on-non-empty å¿½ç•¥ä»»ä½•å› ç›®éŒ„ä»æœ‰è³‡æ–™è€Œé€ æˆçš„錯誤 å°‡ <來æº> å稱更改為 <目的地> å稱，或將 <來æº> 檔案移動至 <目錄>。 é‡è¤‡å°å‡ºåŒä¸€å¥æŒ‡å®šçš„ <å—串>，如沒有指定則é è¨ç‚º ‘y’。 以新的目錄作為 <æ ¹ç›®éŒ„> 並執行 <指令>。 è«‹è¨å®š LC_ALL='C' é¿å…å•é¡Œå‡ºç¾ã€‚ 顯示æ¯å€‹ <檔案> 所在的檔案系統的資訊，é è¨æ˜¯é¡¯ç¤ºæ‰€æœ‰æª”案系統。 總çµæ¯å€‹ <檔案> 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