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<p class="navigation-index">[<a href="#intro">Introduction to Vector Graphics</a> | <a href="#overview">MVG Overview</a> | <a href="#primitives">Drawing Primitives</a>]</p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h2><a name="intro"></a>Introduction to Vector Graphics</h2></div>
</div>

<p>This specification defines the features and syntax for Magick Vector Graphics (MVG), a modularized language for describing two-dimensional vector and mixed vector/raster graphics in ImageMagick.  You can use the language to draw from the
command line, from an MVG file, from an <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/"  target="636486104">SVG -- Scalable Vector Graphics</a> file or from one of the ImageMagick <a href="../www/api.html">program interfaces</a>.  Use this command, for example, to render an arc:</p>

<pre class="text">
 convert -size 100x60 xc:skyblue -fill white -stroke black \
    -draw "path 'M 30,40  A 30,20  20  0,0 70,20 A 30,20  20  1,0 30,40 Z '" \
    arc.png
</pre>

<p>and here is the results:</p>

<p>When the drawing gets sufficiently complex, we recommend you assemble the graphic primitives into a MVG file. For our example, we use <a href="../www/source/piechart.mvg">piechart.mvg</a> to render a pie chart with this command:</p>

<pre class="text">
   convert piechart.mvg piechart.png
</pre>

<p>which produces this rendering:</p>

<p>However, in general, MVG is sufficiently difficult to work with that you probably want to use a program to generate your graphics in the SVG format.  ImageMagick automatically converts SVG to MVG and renders your image, for example, we render <a href="../www/source/piechart.svg">piechart.svg</a> with this command:

<pre class="text">
   convert piechart.svg piechart.jpg
</pre>

<p>to produce the same pie chart we created with the the MVG language.</p>

<p>Drawing is available from many of the ImageMagick <a href="../www/api.html">program interfaces</a> as well.  ImageMagick converts the drawing API calls to MVG and renders it.  Here is example code written in the <a href="../www/magick-wand.html">MagickWand</a> language:

<pre class="code">
   (void) PushDrawingWand(draw_wand);
   {
     const PointInfo points[6] =
     {
       { 180,504 },
       { 282.7,578.6 },
       { 243.5,699.4 },
       { 116.5,699.4 },
       { 77.26,578.6 },
       { 180,504 }
     };

DrawSetStrokeAntialias(draw_wand,True);
     DrawSetStrokeWidth(draw_wand,9);
     DrawSetStrokeLineCap(draw_wand,RoundCap);
     DrawSetStrokeLineJoin(draw_wand,RoundJoin);
     (void) DrawSetStrokeDashArray(draw_wand,0,(const double *)NULL);
     (void) PixelSetColor(color,"#4000c2");
     DrawSetStrokeColor(draw_wand,color);
     DrawSetFillRule(draw_wand,EvenOddRule);
     (void) PixelSetColor(color,"#800000");
     DrawSetFillColor(draw_wand,color);
     DrawPolygon(draw_wand,6,points);
   }
   (void) PopDrawingWand(draw_wand);
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h2><a name="overview"></a>MVG Overview</h2></div>
</div>

<p>MVG ignores all white-space between commands. This allows multiple MVG commands per line. It is common convention to terminate each MVG command with a new line to make MVG easier to edit and read. This syntax description uses indentation in MVG sequences to aid with understanding. Indentation is supported but is not required.</p>

<p>Metafile wrapper syntax (to support stand-alone MVG files):</p>

<pre class="text">
  push graphic-context
    viewbox 0 0 width height
    [ any other MVG commands ]
  pop graphic-context
</pre>

<p>Pattern syntax (saving and restoring context):</p>

<pre class="text">
  push pattern id x,y width,height
   push graphic-context
    [ drawing commands ]
   pop graphic-context
  pop pattern
</pre>

<p>an example is (%s is a identifier string):</p>

<pre class="text">
  push defs
   push pattern %s 10,10 20,20
    push graphic-context
     fill red
     rectangle 5,5 15,15
    pop graphic-context
    push graphic-context
     fill green
     rectangle 10,10 20,20
    pop graphic-context
   pop pattern
  pop defs
</pre>

<p>For image tiling use:</p>

<pre class="text">
  push pattern id x,y width,height
   image Copy ...
  pop pattern
</pre>

<p>Note you can use the pattern for either the fill or stroke like:</p>

<pre class="text">
  stroke url(#%s)
</pre>

<p>The clip path defines a clipping area, where only the contained area to be drawn upon.  Areas outside of the clipping area are masked.</p>

<pre class="text">
  push defs
   push clip-path %s
    push graphic-context
     rectangle 10,10 20,20
    pop graphic-context
   pop clip-path
  pop defs
  clip-path url(#%s)
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h2><a name="primitives"></a>Drawing Primitives</h2></div>
</div>

<p>Here is a complete description of the MVG drawing primitives:</p>

<ul>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="affine" id="affine"></a>affine <em class="option">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="option">s<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="option">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">t<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="bezier" id="bezier"></a>bezier <em class="option">x<sub>0</sub></em>,<em class="option">y<sub>0</sub></em> ... <em class="option">x<sub>n</sub></em>,<em class="option">y<sub>n</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="circle" id="circle"></a>circle <em class="option">origin<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">origin<sub>y</sub></em>&nbsp; &nbsp;<em class="option">perimeter<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">perimeter<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<p>Choose from these rule types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  evenodd
  nonzero
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="clip-units" id="clip-units"></a>clip-units <em class="option">units</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these unit types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  userSpace
  userSpaceOnUse
  objectBoundingBox
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="color" id="color"></a>color <em class="option">x</em>,<em class="option">y</em> <em class="option">method</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these method types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  point
  replace
  floodfill
  filltoborder
  reset
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="decorate" id="decorate"></a>decorate <em class="option">type</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these types of decorations:</p>

<pre class="text">
  none
  line-through
  overline
  underline
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="ellipse" id="ellipse"></a>ellipse <em class="option">center<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">center<sub>y</sub></em>&nbsp; &nbsp;<em class="option">radius<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="option">radius<sub>y</sub></em>&nbsp; &nbsp;<em class="option">arc<sub>start</sub></em>,<em class="option">arc<sub>stop</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="fill" id="fill"></a>fill <em class="option">color</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from any of these <a href="../www/color.html" target="2114390313">colors</a>.</p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="fill-opacity" id="fill-opacity"></a>fill-opacity <em class="option">opacity</em></h4>
</div>

<p>The opacity ranges from 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque) or as a percentage (e.g. 50%).</p>

<p>Choose from these rule types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  evenodd
  nonzero
</pre>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="font-family" id="font-family"></a>font-family <em class="option">family</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="font-size" id="font-size"></a>font-size <em class="option">point-size</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="font-stretch" id="font-stretch"></a>font-stretch <em class="option">type</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these stretch types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  all
  normal
  ultra-condensed
  extra-condensed
  condensed
  semi-condensed
  semi-expanded
  expanded
  extra-expanded
  ultra-expanded
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="font-style" id="font-style"></a>font-style <em class="option">style</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these styles:</p>

<pre class="text">
  all
  normal
  italic
  oblique
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="font-weight" id="font-weight"></a>font-weight <em class="option">weight</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these weights:</p>

<pre class="text">
  all
  normal
  bold
  100
  200
  300
  400
  500
  600
  700
  800
  900
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="gradient-units" id="gradient-units"></a>gradient-units <em class="option">units</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these units:</p>

<pre class="text">
  userSpace
  userSpaceOnUse
  objectBoundingBox
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="gravity" id="gravity"></a>gravity <em class="option">type</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these gravity types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  NorthWest
  North
  NorthEast
  West
  Center
  East
  SouthWest
  South
  SouthEast
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="image" id="image"></a>image <em class="option">compose x,y width,height 'filename'</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these compose operations:</p>

<pre class="text">
  Add
  Atop
  Bumpmap
  Clear
  CopyBlue
  CopyGreen
  CopyOpacity
  CopyRed
  Copy
  Difference
  In
  Minus
  Multiply
  Out
  Over
  Plus
  Subtract
  Xor
</pre>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="matte" id="matte"></a>font-style <em class="option">x,y method</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these methods:</p>

<pre class="text">
  point
  replace
  floodfill
  filltoborder
  reset
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="offset" id="offset"></a>offset <em class="option">offset</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="opacity" id="opacity"></a>opacity <em class="option">opacity</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Use percent (e.g. 50%).</p>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="point" id="point"></a>point <em class="option">x,y</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="polygon" id="polygon"></a>polygon <em class="option">x,y x<sub>1</sub>,y<sub>1</sub>, ..., x<sub>n</sub>,y<sub>n</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="polyline" id="polyline"></a>polyline <em class="option">x,y x<sub>1</sub>,y<sub>1</sub>, ..., x<sub>n</sub>,y<sub>n</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="pop-gradient" id="pop-gradient"></a>pop gradient</h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="pop-graphic-context" id="pop-graphic-context"></a>pop graphic-context</h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="pop-pattern" id="pop-pattern"></a>pop pattern</h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="push-gradient-linear" id="push-gradient-linear"></a>push gradient <em class="option">id linear x,y x<sub>1</sub>,y<sub>1</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="push-gradient-radial" id="push-gradient-radial"></a>push gradient <em class="option">id radial x<sub>c</sub>,c<sub>y</sub> x<sub>f</sub>,y<sub>f</sub> radius</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="push-graphic-context" id="push-graphic-context"></a>push graphic-context</h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="push-pattern" id="push-pattern"></a>push pattern <em class="option">id radial x,y width,height</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="rectangle" id="rectangle"></a>rectangle <em class="option">x,y x<sub>1</sub>,y<sub>1</sub></em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="rotate" id="rotate"></a>rotate <em class="option">angle</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="roundrectangle" id="roundrectangle"></a>roundrectangle <em class="option">x,y x<sub>1</sub>,y<sub>1</sub> width,height</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="scale" id="scale"></a>scale <em class="option">x,y</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="skewX" id="skewX"></a>skewX <em class="option">angle</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="skewY" id="skewY"></a>skewX <em class="option">angle</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stop-color" id="stop-color"></a>stop-color <em class="option">color offset</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke" id="stroke"></a>stroke <em class="option">color</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-antialias" id="stroke-antialias"></a>stroke-antialias <em class="option">0 | 1</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-dasharray" id="stroke-dasharray"></a>stroke-dasharray <em class="option">none | numeric-list</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-dashoffset" id="stroke-dashoffset"></a>stroke-dashoffset <em class="option">offset</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-linecap" id="stroke-linecap"></a>stroke-linecap <em class="option">type</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these cap types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  butt
  round
  square
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-linejoin" id="stroke-linejoin"></a>stroke-linejoin <em class="option">type</em></h4>
</div>

<p>Choose from these join types:</p>

<pre class="text">
  bevel
  miter
  round
</pre>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-miterlimit" id="stroke-miterlimit"></a>stroke-miterlimit <em class="option">limit</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-opacity" id="stroke-opacity"></a>stroke-opacity <em class="option">opacity</em></h4>
</div>

<p>The opacity ranges from 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque) or as a percentage (e.g. 50%).</p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="stroke-width" id="stroke-width"></a>stroke-width <em class="option">width</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="text-antialias" id="text-antialias"></a>text-antialias <em class="option">0 | 1</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="text-undercolor" id="text-undercolor"></a>text-undercolor <em class="option">color</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="translate" id="translate"></a>translate <em class="option">x,y</em></h4>
</div>

<p></p>

<div style="margin: auto;">
  <h4><a name="viewbox" id="viewbox"></a>viewbox <em class="option">x,y x<sub>1</sub>,y<sub>1</sub></em></h4>
</div>
</ul>

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